Bio-fibre fabric

During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China's chemical fiber industry has achieved certain achievements in biomass synthetic fiber fabrics, such as polylactic acid and fiber fabrics are being industrialized, biological methods such as 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, etc. The deep processing of monomers, polymers, fibers, and fabrics such as alcohols and aldehydes has progressed rapidly. The promising biomass fiber fabric not only conforms to the trend of low-carbon economy, energy conservation and emission reduction, but also becomes a new growth point for the growth of the industry and an upgrade point for future competitiveness.

In line with the trend of environmental protection, the growth of new industries In recent years, with the increasing scarcity of global oil resources and the deteriorating ecological environment, the side effects and unsustainability of traditional petrochemical technologies and products have become increasingly significant. Wang Huaping, a doctoral tutor of Donghua University, said: “More than 90% of China Chemical Fiber's products are based on petroleum, raw material costs account for over 80% of production costs, and imports account for about two-thirds of the total demand for chemical fiber raw materials. It has surpassed the steady development of the security warning line in the industry, and brought great investment risks and instability to the healthy development of the entire industry chain.As the world’s largest chemical fiber producer, the development of China’s chemical fiber will be increasingly affected. More restrictions."

“The development of biomass fiber is a response to the shortage of resources and the need for sustainable development of the chemical fiber industry.” Chen Xiangling, a teacher at Donghua University, said that China is a major country in global textile product production and consumption. At present, China’s total chemical fiber production accounts for 60 %. China is an oil-deficit country. According to the existing industry plan, if the underlying chemical raw materials on which the domestic chemical fiber industry grows depend in the future is still supported by imported crude oil processing, then it is difficult for the industry to get rid of the precarious situation of being subject to human beings and ups and downs. Rich biomass resources are the future way out for green chemical raw materials, and more and more chemical products can be obtained through biomass resources.

The development of biomass fibers is a requirement for the chemical fiber industry to achieve energy-saving emission reduction and develop a low-carbon economy. Due to its large scale and scope of involvement, the textile industry is one of the industries with large greenhouse gas emissions. The chemical fiber manufacturing industry consumes a lot of energy and is considered to belong to the high-carbon industry, so it does not meet the needs of sustainable development and low-carbon economy. In the context of the world energy crisis and advocating a low-carbon economy, the active development of biomass fiber fabrics is of far-reaching significance in achieving low-carbon economy, energy-saving and emission reduction, and provides unlimited opportunities for the chemical fiber industry to cultivate emerging industries and create new growth points. It will become a new trend leading the development of chemical fiber industry.

The new demand emphasizes the differences and cross-convergence in different fields. “Using traditional methods to achieve differentiated development of textile and chemical fiber products has come to an end. Biochemical technology will bring new breakthroughs in product differentiation. It is based on technology and pursues high performance that meets new demands of the market. The new functions and the balance of new-type biomass fiber fabrics and products that are compatible with the environment are increasingly favored by enterprises and consumers, and the demand for them is high. Biomass engineering technology as the core of biomass fiber and biochemical raw materials will lead the development of chemical fiber industry The trend," Wang Huaping said, the development of biomass materials will mainly focus on several aspects:

The first is to open up raw material resources and develop new production technologies. Prepare cellulose fiber fabrics with new technologies such as ionic liquids, low-temperature alkali/urea solutions and other non-toxic, safe, recyclable solvents, melt spinning, etc.; use chitin, seaweed and other marine biomass and various proteins as raw materials to produce substances Recycled fiber fabrics; Research and utilization of resources such as agricultural products, crop wastes, etc. Biosynthetic technology is used to prepare polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), etc. New synthetic fiber fabrics.

The second is the integration of multiple disciplines. The redesign of materials has brought about new growth points of disciplines. It has penetrated from traditional biological sciences and related physics and chemistry disciplines into materials disciplines, energy disciplines, and composite materials science. The composite material with superior performance was prepared through biomimetic or bionic design, giving full play to the advantages of renewable and degradable utilization of biomass material and giving it new functions. Emphasizes the innovation of principle of modification based on multiple structural design, emphasizes the research of engineering principle system oriented to industrialization and the integrated technology integration development of industrial chain oriented to applied mechanism. Develop new bio-fibre fabrics with special features such as dry, stain-proof, biocompatible and flame-retardant.

Wide prospects but rational investment to achieve results but lack of original results. The question of what level of research is China's biomass fiber fabrics in the world? Dr. Zhao Qingzhang of the Chinese Academy of Textile Sciences stated that it is necessary to evaluate the research level of China's biomass fiber fabrics. , You may wish to list the types of biomass fiber fabrics that have been industrialized and under research at home and abroad. The typical varieties of industrialized biomass fiber fabrics include Lyocell, PLA, PBS, seaweed, chitin, and some of PTTs and polyol polyesters with biomass characteristics. In the field of biomass fibers, research work with certain market prospects also includes a variety of biological proteins and technologies for the production of various polymer monomers from renewable materials. It is not difficult to see that the study of China's biomass fiber fabric covers almost all aspects, and some aspects have achieved certain results. However, there is still a certain gap between China's research level and industrialization results compared with developed countries, especially the lack of originality. The results.

“The development of biomass fiber fabrics should consider both resources and the environment. The development of fabrics made of biomass as raw materials is an inevitable historical development, but this process may go through several decades until the oil is exhausted. For development prospects, I The most promising area is biomass synthetic fiber fabrics." Zhao Qingzhang, looking ahead to the future market prospects of biomass fiber fabrics and the possible social benefits, said that acids, alcohols and amines can be obtained from a variety of biomass in nature. In fact, Biomass has made substantial progress in the preparation of monomers for raw materials. Using these raw materials, a variety of products can be derived. More importantly, synthetic technologies and equipment for polyesters and polyamides have already been established in the world. . In addition, although viscose fabrics use renewable raw materials, the cost is low, but there is a problem of environmental pollution. Although the technology of viscose-contamination treatment is continuously improving, it requires innovative technologies and a lot of investment for thorough governance. It means that with the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, the cost of pollution control will continue to increase. The development trend of solvent-based fiber fabrics is just the opposite. The biggest obstacle to the development of Lyocell fiber fabrics is the excessively high initial investment and the high price of solvents. The breakthrough in industrialization technology and the expansion of production scale will significantly reduce project investment and costs. Therefore, Lyocell and viscose fabrics will also coexist for a long period of time. In the long run, the production of Lyocell fabrics will continue to increase, and the production of viscose fabrics will continue to decline.