How can we maintain a healthy body and a beautiful face? This is a subject that scientists have been studying. After 10 years of research, recently, the research team of the Kunming Institute of Botany Huang Junchao of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in cooperation with Peking University and the University of Hong Kong has cultivated the world’s first high-yield astaxanthin-engineered new tomato plant, which is rich in the most powerful antioxidant in the natural world. Su, with great industrialization and commercial application prospects.
It is understood that astaxanthin is a special kind of red carotenoid found in humans from the source of shrimp crab shells, oysters and squid, and its antioxidant function is 500 times that of vitamin E. Astaxanthin protects the skin and eyes against radiation, cardiovascular aging, Alzheimer's disease and cancer. However, the natural astaxanthin price is high, about 6000 US dollars per kilogram, the price of health products is comparable to gold, most people can not afford.
Huang Junchao told the "China Science Journal" that biosynthesis of astaxanthin occurs only in a small number of organisms and its yield is very low. Haematococcus pluvialis is the most abundant organism in the natural world. It is the only unicellular eukaryotic green algae currently used for the commercial production of natural astaxanthin. Due to the slow growth and the genetic characteristics that are sensitive to the growth environment, Haematococcus pluvialis breeding enterprises can only obtain algae powder whose product quality is difficult to maintain with a small production scale and high production cost.
Huang Junchao’s research group believes that plants are ideal astaxanthin processing plants. β-carotene and astaxanthin in tomato belong to the same carotenoids and their chemical structures are similar. Therefore, they conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of the synthesis pathways and the rate-limiting enzyme genes of key steps in microalgal algalactones, which solved the key issues of limiting astaxanthin synthesis in higher plants, and successfully developed high yielding astaxanthin. New varieties of engineered tomatoes, whose fruits can accumulate similar amounts of Haematococcus pluvialis, as high as 1.6% astaxanthin.
"More importantly, tomato can be used as an economical plant to achieve large-scale production, with an annual output of 20,000 pounds per acre, and simple farming and low cost. It is estimated that the profit rate of producing astaxanthin from our tomato plant will be at least a drop in the rain. Five times as much as N. algae, "said Huang Junchao.
At present, new varieties of high-yield astaxanthin tomato are applying for patents. They are planted in the greenhouse for three generations. Their traits are stable and their astaxanthin content is stable. Next, the research team will double the astaxanthin content of the new tomato varieties and conduct pilot tests. It is expected to complete evaluation of various indicators in 2 to 3 years, hoping that products can move from the laboratory to the market.
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