The choice of the probe parameters and considerations of the double-inclination probe wedge inversion angle must achieve the direction of the beam propagation and the tangent of the bolt hole arc. Since the lower surface defect is the use of primary wave flaw detection, and the upper surface defect utilizes the second wave flaw detection, only one probe cannot make the sound beam both tangent to the upper surface contour of the bolt hole and tangent to the contour of the lower surface of the bolt hole. The probe detects defects on the upper and lower surfaces of the bolt holes. Considerations for probe parameter selection include wafer size, wafer radius of curvature, K value, wedge shape, wedge angle, and the like.
The design principle of the oblique wedge In this paper, the function of the acoustic wedge can not only realize the wave shape conversion, but only the refracted transverse wave exists in the workpiece to be probed, and the inner inclination angle of the sound oscillating wedge can realize the propagation of the sound beam toward the bolt hole. It is required that the longitudinal wave velocity of the sound-transmitting wedge must be smaller than the shear wave velocity in the workpiece. The attenuation coefficient of the sound-transmitting wedge is appropriate, and it is wear-resistant and easy to process. There is an acoustic trap at the front end of the sounding wedge to reduce reflection clutter. When selecting the wedge, the sound transmission factor of the ultrasonic wave should be taken into consideration, so that the acoustic impedance of the wedge material is as close as possible to the medium to be tested. In addition, the wedge material should have the characteristics of isotropic speed of sound velocity, so that it is not affected by the processing direction, so it is more suitable to use plexiglass as the wedge material.
Since the test object is a wing joint bolt hole, the simulated test block, the comparative test block and the non-defective test block are respectively processed according to the structural characteristics of the wing joint bolt hole. During the inspection process, the oblique wedge segment should be kept in good agreement with the bolt hole steel sleeve. At this time, only one wave appears on the screen, which is the defect wave. The defects detected by the 1# probe are in the grid position, and the 2# probe detects The defects are all in the 6.2 position. The positions of the two echoes are the same as the echo positions of the lower surface edge and the upper surface edge of the test block. It is indicated that the maximum reflected sound waves obtained by the two probes at the artificial defect are from the defect openings of the upper and lower surfaces. When the oblique wedge segment and the bolt hole steel sleeve are not well matched: three waves will appear on the screen, and the defect wave generally appears between the contour waves of the upper and lower surfaces of the bolt hole. When detecting the upper surface defect, the defect wave and the upper surface The contour wave distance is relatively close. When detecting the lower surface defect, the defect wave and the lower surface contour wave are closer. Although defects can be found this time, the wave contours on the upper and lower surfaces tend to cause visual fatigue to the flaw detectors and affect the flaw detection effect, so it should be avoided as much as possible.
Electric valve is a device that drives the valve to open and close by electric motor. It is widely used in various industrial and civil fields, such as metallurgy, chemical industry, petroleum, natural gas, heating, ventilation and air conditioning, automatic control, etc. The following are some application scenarios of electric valves:
1. Fluid control in industrial production: electric valve can be used to control the flow, pressure and temperature of liquid, gas and steam to meet the needs of industrial production.
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3. Chemical industry: electric valve can be used for fluid control in chemical production, such as acid-base solution, gas and liquid reactant control, to ensure the safety and efficiency of production.
4. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning system: the electric valve can be used to control the water flow, air flow and temperature in the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system to meet the requirements of the indoor environment.
5. Automatic control system: electric valve can be used with automatic control system to realize automatic control and adjustment of fluid flow, pressure, temperature and other parameters.
In short, electric valves are widely used in industrial and civil fields, which can improve production efficiency, ensure product quality and improve production safety.
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