In the case of thick plate vertical welding, a forming tool (fixed and moving cooling block) is used on both sides of the joint to maintain the shape of the molten pool, and an arc welding of forced weld forming is called gas-electric vertical welding. When welding, the molten pool is usually protected by CO2 gas, and the protective gas is not used when the self-shielding welding wire is used.
Characteristics of vertical welding During vertical welding, the metal and droplets of the molten pool have a tendency to fall due to gravity, and are separated from the weldment, so it is easy to produce a weld. However, since the melting point of the slag is low and the fluidity is strong, the molten pool metal and the slag are easily separated, and slag inclusion is not easily generated. However, since the molten pool is partially protected from the slag, it is easy to generate pores if the operation or the angle of the carrier is not correct.
Vertical welding operation procedure The vertical welding operation procedure is that the current used should not be too large, slightly lower than the fillet current. The size of the electrode to be selected depends on the thickness of the weldment. The arc should not be too large when welding, and short arc welding is required. Welding method, adopting zigzag or triangular welding method. If it is multi-layer welding, the current in the first pass should be smaller. In the future welding, the impurities such as the coating should be cleaned up to reduce the slag inclusion or the imperviousness. The specific operation also needs to be slowly realized.
The swing should be in place, and it should be evenly oscillated. Otherwise, the weld is not particularly good-looking. It is likely to be undercut or have a large weld. The gas-electric vertical welding gas-electric vertical welding is developed by ordinary gas-shielded gas shielded welding and electroslag welding. A method of forming a gas metal arc protection arc welding. The advantages are: high productivity and low cost. The main difference from narrow gap welding is that the weld is formed at one time, rather than the multi-channel multi-layer gas-electric vertical welding. The energy density is higher and more concentrated than electroslag welding, but the welding technology is basically the same. It uses a water-cooled slider similar to that used in electroslag welding to block the molten metal and force it to form a weld in the upright position. A single gas (such as CO 2 ) or a mixed gas (such as Ar + O 2 ) is usually used as a shielding gas.
In welding arc and droplet transfer, gas-electric vertical welding is similar to ordinary gas-shielded gas-shielded welding (such as CO 2 welding, MAG welding), and similar to electroslag welding in weld forming and mechanical systems. The main difference between gas-electric vertical welding and electroslag welding is that the heat of the molten metal is the heat of the arc rather than the resistance heat of the slag.
Gas-electric vertical welding is usually used for the welding of thicker low carbon steel and medium carbon steel. It can also be used for the welding of austenitic stainless steel "target=_blank> stainless steel and other metal alloys. The thickness of the sheet is 12~80mm. .
If it is larger than 80mm, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient and good protective effect, resulting in pores in the weld, uneven penetration and insufficient penetration. The length of the welded joint is generally unlimited, and single layer welding is the most common welding method, but multilayer welding is also possible.
The vertical welding of the electric welding is performed by double-sided forming, and the parts to be welded are fixed and then welded. In addition, it should be noted that if the weld overlay welding is not only one layer of the crawling gas-electric vertical welding robot, it is necessary to first run both sides of the welding and then weld, otherwise the deformation is severe and may even crack.
Gas-electric vertical welding process Thick plate vertical welding, using forming tools (fixed and mobile cooling blocks) on both sides of the joint, maintaining the shape of the molten pool, an arc welding of forced weld forming, called gas-electric stand weld. When welding, the molten pool is usually protected by CO2 gas, and the protective gas is not used when the self-shielding welding wire is used.
When welding, the weldment is in a vertical position, and the wire is continuously fed downward into the groove formed by the groove face of the plate and the two water-cooled slider faces. The arc ignites between the wire and the arcing plate at the bottom of the joint, and the wire and parent metal continue to melt under the action of arc heat and flow into the molten pool below the arc. The wire can be oscillated back and forth transversely to the axis of the heavy joint to distribute the arc heat and the deposited metal evenly. As the arc moves up, the water-cooled slider moves up, and the groove formed by the groove surface of the plate and the two water-cooled sliders is gradually filled with molten metal to form a weld.
Gas-electric vertical welding is a kind of molten-gas gas-shielded arc welding method which is formed by the development of ordinary gas-shielded gas shielded welding and electroslag welding. The advantage is that the thick plate can be welded without opening, and the productivity is high and the cost is low. The main difference from narrow gap welding is that the weld is formed once, rather than multi-layer welding; the main difference from electroslag welding is that the heat of the molten metal is the heat of the arc rather than the resistance of the slag.
Gas-electric vertical welding is usually used to weld thicker low-carbon steel and low-alloy structural steel, medium-carbon steel and other materials. It can also weld austenitic stainless steel "target=_blank> stainless steel and other metals and alloys. The thickness of the plate is 12~ More suitable between 80mm.
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