When combustibles are contained in the air, explosions may occur if the combustibles and the oxygen in the air undergo a violent oxidation reaction under certain conditions. Although some combustibles such as sugar, flour, pulverized coal, etc. are not easily detonated in the normal state, they are in sufficient contact with the oxygen in the air when they are suspended in the powdery form in the air.
At this point, as long as the temperature necessary for the oxidation reaction of the flammable substance and oxygen is formed at the local site, the oxidation reaction will immediately occur in the local site. When the heat generated by the oxidation reaction propagates into the space around the perimeter, if the mixture of the combustibles and air around it quickly reaches the temperature necessary for the oxidation reaction, the entire space can be made in an extremely short time due to the interlocking reaction. The combustible mixture undergoes a vigorous oxidation reaction and generates a large amount of heat and combustion products, forming a sharply increasing pressure wave. This is an explosion.
When the concentration of combustibles in the air is too small or too large, it will not cause an explosion. Because the concentration is too small, the distance between combustible materials in the air is large, and the heat generated by one particle's oxidation reaction has not been transmitted to another material, and is absorbed by the air around the week, causing the mixture to reach the temperature of the oxidation reaction. If the concentration of combustibles is too high, the content of oxygen in the mixture is relatively insufficient and similarly, no explosion will occur.
Therefore, there is a range of concentrations at which combustibles explode. This range is called the explosion concentration limit.
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It can be seen that the explosion in the ventilation system is caused by the concentration of combustibles in the air reaching the limit of the explosion concentration, as well as sparks or other sources of ignition caused by sparks or metal collisions.
Therefore, when designing a ventilation system with explosion hazards, the following points should be noted:
1. In addition to meeting the general requirements, the air volume of the system should also check the concentration of combustibles.
If the concentration of combustibles is within the range of explosive concentration, the following formula shall be used to increase the amount of air in the type of air x: the amount of combustibles discharged per second in the local exhaust hood or the amount of fuel produced per second, g/s; — Lower limit of explosive concentration of combustibles, g/m3.
2. Prevent flammables from accumulating at local locations (dead corners) of the ventilation system.
3. Explosion-proof fan is selected, and the direct connection or coupling transmission method is adopted.
If a V-belt drive is used, static electricity can be introduced into the ground using a grounding brush to prevent static electricity from generating sparks.
4. Explosion-proof doors shall be provided for ventilation systems with explosion hazard. When the pressure in the system rises sharply, the explosion-proof door automatically opens and releases pressure.
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