There are many factors affecting the quality of jadeite, including color, texture (structure), transparency (head), cracks, impurities, etc. The factors affecting jadeite products also include processing technology. In jade commerce, texture and transparency are collectively referred to as “species "Texture (structure) refers to the size, size and size of the mineral particles of coarse, medium and fine, including glass, ice, beans, dry white, etc. Transparency (head) refers to the degree of transparency. Color refers to the color The degree of concentration, yang, positive, and harmony.
"Gold is valuable, jade is priceless", but in the jade business activities, people need to understand the value of jade, distinguish the grade of jade, and identify true and false. But now the classification of jade type and grade is different, there is no uniform standard. Different names for jadeites often confuse people, causing inappropriate evaluation of jadeite grades. As a result, many of them are inferior, and the market is filled with counterfeit real jade products, so that consumers can’t buy them or even be deceived. The classification and quality economic evaluation is extremely realistic and valuable.
First, the classification and evaluation of jade:
Traditionally, the classification of jadeite is too detailed and too complicated, which makes people argue theoretically and conceptually, and deviates from the principle of “classification is service for economic evaluationâ€. For example, traditionally, jade is based on “colorâ€, “water head†and “ "Di" is divided into separate divisions. In the division of color, there are 28 kinds of Mr. Zhang Renshan and 24 by another. We can see from a little analysis that many colors are only slightly changed in shade and are listed as New varieties. However, because people feel different colors, it is easy to see that if they are too fine, it will cause confusion and make the evaluation more difficult.
From the perspective of "species" and "color" of jadeite, this paper summarizes the factors affecting the quality of jadeite on the basis of practice, and divides jadeite into: old pit, some colorless, egg white (hibiscus), dry Fourteen characteristic types, such as bean seed, golden silk seed, white earth blue, cyanine, oil green, horse tooth, dragonfly, spring, blue flower, black, etc. On this basis, the rarity of various classes themselves The problem and the value of jadeite are studied because of the influence of people on various types of jadeites, the rarity of various types of supply and demand, and the comprehensive evaluation of various types. The research is now described as follows:
1. Old pit species:
The color of the old pit meets the requirements of richness, yang, positiveness and harmony. The color is dark green, evenly distributed, rich and bright. The texture is fine and the transparency is good. If it is glass, plus the color of strong, positive, positive and harmonious. It will make the jade color texture better and brighter, this variety is called the old pit glass species (the best in the jade). The old pit glass species production is extremely rare, can not be met, and because people love very high And the demand is large, causing the demand to be in short supply, so that the rarity of the old pit glass species is very prominent, and the price is further increased. Therefore, it has a huge value preservation effect. The purchase of the old pit glass wool material generally requires 100,000 to 300. Ten thousand yuan / two.
The price constraints of the old pit finished products include:
1 emerald green righteousness;
2 green shade, uniformity and vividness of green;
3 green shapes;
4 the degree of transparency of green;
5 the difference in the degree of texture;
6 green internal impurities and cleanliness;
7 The number of green cracks and stone flowers;
8 green range size and weight;
9 level of technology;
10 Consumers' appreciation, preference, influence of Eastern culture, national customs, and the level of jade art and crafts.
In short, the pricing of the finished products of the old pits varies from time to time and varies from person to person. Because of its beauty and scarcity, it has become the most valuable jade among the many varieties of jade.
2, there is a kind of colorless:
There is a kind of colorless, which means that the color is less, the color is light or colorless, transparent or translucent, and the texture is fine. The naked eye can only see individual fibrous jadeite minerals. There are no impurities inside, cotton aphid, less stone flowers, and the sound of the sound. Crisp like metal. Under the polarizing microscope, it is a fibrous crystal structure.
If the raw materials are large enough, they are generally used to make bracelets. The bracelets are clear and transparent, and the water is clear and clear. They are worn on the hands to give people the feeling of ice and clear, which is fascinating and won the favor of the majority of women. Rarely, it is high-grade, the price of finished products is generally around 50,000 to 150,000 yuan.
3. Hibiscus species:
Yingrong is like hibiscus flower, the scent is light and distant, the color of hibiscus is generally pale green, the color is more pure and not evil, without yellow tone. Translucent or slightly transparent, jade is more delicate, at 10 times Under the magnifying glass, there is a granule, but there is no boundary. This is because the result of recrystallization in the later stage of formation, it can be said that it is an egg white, although the species is not very transparent, but it is not dry; although the color is not strong enough, it is light. Similar to Chinese uranium jade.
The production of hibiscus species is relatively large and easy to see. It is very popular in southern China. The price is more expensive in the south than in the north. It is medium to high-grade. In general, the price is not very high. If the hibiscus species has dark green veins on the emerald, it is Known as "Fu Rong Qing Qing", like this is a high-end goods, the price is high, in the 1980s Sotheby's Hong Kong Sotheby's auction there is a hibiscus bracelet, because it has a bright green pulse, actually sold to 2OO Ten thousand Hong Kong dollars.
4, dry green:
Divided into two categories: one is pure sodium chrome pyroxene, which was discovered by Ms. Ouyang Qiumei in 1985. AL was replaced by Cr, and the Cr content was greater than 50%. I have identified a group of rings in 1991. A kit consisting of noodles, necklaces, bracelets and earrings, totaling 49 capsules. It was identified by the naked eye as jade. When tested, the refractive index was 1.75, the density was (3.50 ± 0.01), and the hardness was XXX.
5. The mineral molecular formula NaCrS i2O6 belongs to this type of dry green. The other type refers to the incomplete replacement of AL by Cr. In addition to sodium chromite, it also contains jadeite, amphibole, etc., with a specific gravity of 3.3 soil. The emerald green color is thick and pure, the transparency is poor, the foundation is illuminated in the sunlight, the light does not penetrate, and the light is irradiated by the condenser. At most, only 1mm of light can be penetrated. This jade material has coarser jade and mineral grain shape. It has a short column shape and is under the microscope. It is a full-crystal semi-circular granular knot. It is as white as snow, green and bright, and green is generally irregular. It appears as a patch or a clump. Under the 10X magnifying glass, its texture is delicate and often It has a fibrous structure and is mostly opaque.
The green and white of the white land are clear, the background color is generally white, and the green color is bright. Although the water head is not good, there are many young women who buy it. The white earth green is generally only suitable for bracelets, carvings, and listings. The price of small pendants or bracelets is generally Between 1,000 and 10,000 yuan. The price depends on the quality of the species and the size and color of the green range.
6, flower green:
It is a widely distributed one in Myanmar jade, which is divided according to the distribution pattern of color. The green distribution of flower green is vein-like, densely distributed or sparse, and the color can be deep or shallow. The background color can be light. Green or colorless, the texture can be coarse or fine. According to the texture, it can be further subdivided, such as: bean flower cyan, grain is thicker, called bean bottom, irregular color distribution, is Huaqing. In addition, there are also horse teeth. If the color is distributed according to the color form, it also includes punctate green flowers, commonly known as "plum flower species". The value of the flower green species depends on the quality of the species, as well as the distribution range and color of the color. See, mostly used to make small pendants, belonging to the middle and low-end, the price is about tens of dollars to several hundred yuan.
7, oil green:
Visual observation: green is dark, color is not pure, doped with gray or blue, giving a very dull feeling. The transparency of oil green is generally better, the jade is fine, the glass is shiny, but the surface gloss is like oily. Under the microscope, see the fibrous crystal structure. The color can be from shallow to deep. If the color is dark, it is called “melon oil greenâ€; if the color is light, it is called “fresh oil greenâ€. It is easy to see, it is in the middle and low grade. It is popular in the north and is not very popular in the south. In the north, it is slightly more expensive than the south due to the influence of people's preferences. The price of the ring is generally in the tens to hundreds of dollars. about.
8, horse teeth:
The texture is rough, the mineral in the jade is white granular, and the transparency is poor. As the saying goes: "The water is not enough or the water head is short." The naked eye looks a bit like porcelain. Under the 10X magnifying glass, it can be clearly seen that there is a fine layer in the green. Silk white strips, although greener green, are not uniform enough, and the distribution is irregular. Horse teeth are rarely used for making ring faces, and more are listed, ring rings, etc. Horse teeth are easier to see in the market, which is low to medium grade. Not high, tens to hundreds of dollars.
9, ç¿¡:
It can be divided into two cases: red enamel and yellow enamel. The ancients believed that red jade represented auspicious wish, and red jade was even said to have been soaked in human blood after burial. Of course, this is unscientific. Because of this The superstitious color has increased the demand for red jade. In ancient times, the price of red enamel was very high. In fact, the color of red enamel is a color formed by the secondary, distributed under the weathered surface or distributed along the emerald rough. The color formed by the infiltration of iron minerals is produced in the old field of Myanmar and the Da Makan area. The red dragonfly can be divided into three types:
1 bright red: also known as "crown red" is the top grade in the red dragonfly, the color may be caused by Co3+;
2 dark red: often caused by the oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+, which is close to the edge distribution of the original stone;
3 brown red: produced on the edge of the original stone, due to weathering and leaching caused by iron dyeing, with a lot of brown impurities, is the next product in the red dragonfly.
The bright red red dragonfly is rare, but it can be met and the price is extremely high. The Sotheby's auction has auctioned an excellent bright red red dragonfly with a price of up to 380,000 Hong Kong dollars. The maroon and dark red The red dragonfly, the output is too much, and because of the color difference, it is not popular, the price is very low, a few yuan to a few hundred dollars can be bought.
Astragalus is also a color formed by secondary action, often distributed under the weathered surface layer, and above the red layer, it is caused by limonite infiltration. Yellow is impure, often brownish, yield is high, not for people Love, the price is extremely low, a few dollars to tens of dollars can be bought.
10. Spring:
Purple emerald, purple commonly known as spring, purple is generally lighter, like the color of violet orchid, also known as violet. According to the different shades of purple, can be divided into pink purple, solan purple, blue purple.
1 pink purple: purple with a slight pink, the texture is more delicate, translucent, internal cotton more words, when used as a ground color, called "powder powder."
2 eggplant purple: purple with eggplant-like bee red, rough texture, visible mineral particles, visible transparency, a lot of cotton aphid inside.
3 blue purple: purple with blue, rough texture, visible mineral particles, almost opaque, knocking sound turbid, very low grade.
Because the spring color is light, it is extremely rare to make a ring face. It is mostly used for large carvings and small pendants. If it is purple deep, fine texture, high transparency is very rare, it is high-end goods, the value of finished products is tens of thousands, up to 150,000 One yuan, which is popular among Europeans and Americans. Avoid yellow light when choosing spring jade, because yellow light will deepen purple.
11, blue flowers:
The color is green and blue, showing a greenish blue color. It is a translucent petrified, Yangqi petrochemical appearance. It is observed with the naked eye: color evil is not correct, transparency is poor, texture is general, there is a lot of dirty black inside, belonging to low-grade jade, a few yuan You can buy it for a few hundred dollars.
12, dirty:
It is an inferior variety in jade, including hoe land, shit land, incense ash, etc., visual observation: opaque, rough texture, visible mineral particles; 10X magnifying glass observation: more meat impurities, stone flower, stone brain, The color is extremely irregular, mixed with yellow, brown, gray and other colors, is more common in the market, is extremely low grade, a few dollars to tens of dollars can be bought.
Second, jade quality economic evaluation:
On the basis of the classification and evaluation of jadeite, the semi-quantitative quality economic evaluation of jadeite is further carried out. The two methods complement each other and will be more conducive to us to grasp the commercial evaluation and commercial value of jadeite.
The quality economic evaluation of jadeite refers to the factors affecting the quality of jade, such as color, texture, transparency, fissures, processing techniques, etc., respectively, the percentage value is scored, the quality is high, the low quality is low, the score is 100%. According to the importance of the above factors in the quality economic evaluation, with a certain percentage of cases, multiply the percentage values ​​of the respective quality levels of the jade factors by the corresponding percentages, and use the sum of them to Calculate the comprehensive score of jadeite, and use the comprehensive score of jadeite as the basis of jade quality economic evaluation to determine the grade level of jadeite. Below we take the jadeite product as an example to illustrate the percentile system evaluation and comprehensive quality economic evaluation.
According to the comprehensive quality economic evaluation of Table 6, combined with the previous classification and evaluation of jade, we can roughly judge the grade of jadeite and the price range, which will have certain guiding significance for our commercial trade.
In the evaluation of the percentage system of jade, it is necessary not only to consider the factors of quality itself, but also to consider the types of jade and human factors. The more comprehensive the factors considered, the more scientific.
This is also the lack of theoretical research in the past. The theory must be linked to practice! Classified as a commercial trade service.
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