Shock absorber failure and repair

Detection

In order to quickly attenuate the vibration of the frame and the body, and improve the ride comfort and comfort of the car, the car suspension system is generally equipped with a shock absorber. At present, a two-way action type cylinder shock absorber is widely used in the automobile.

The shock absorber is a fragile accessory during the use of the car. The shock absorber works well and will directly affect the stability of the car and the life of other parts. Therefore, we should keep the shock absorber in good working condition. The following methods can be used to verify that the shock absorber is working well.

First, let the car stop on the road with poor road conditions for 10km, and touch the shock absorber shell by hand. If it is not hot enough, there is no resistance inside the shock absorber, and the shock absorber does not work. At this time, the appropriate lubricating oil can be added and then tested. If the outer casing is hot, the inside of the shock absorber is lacking in oil, and sufficient oil should be added; otherwise, the shock absorber is invalid.

Second, press the bumper hard and then release. If the car has 2~3 jumps, the shock absorber works well.

Third, when the car is driving slowly and braking urgently, if the car vibration is severe, it indicates that the shock absorber has a problem.

4. Remove the shock absorber and erect it, and clamp the lower end connecting ring on the vise. Pull the damping rod several times. At this time, there should be stable resistance. The resistance to pull up (recover) should be greater than that. Resistance when pressing down, such as unstable or no resistance, may be caused by lack of oil inside the shock absorber or damage to valve parts. Repair or replacement of parts should be performed.

repair

After confirming that there is a problem or failure of the shock absorber, first check the shock absorber for oil leakage or traces of old oil leakage.

The oil seal gasket and the sealing gasket are broken and the oil storage cylinder cover nut is loose. It may be that the oil seal and the gasket are damaged, and a new seal should be replaced. If you still can't eliminate the oil leakage, pull out the shock absorber. If you feel the hairpin or the light and heavy, check whether the gap between the piston and the cylinder is too large, whether the shock absorber piston connecting rod is bent or not. Whether the surface and the cylinder are scratched or scratched.

If there is no oil leakage in the shock absorber, check the shock absorber connection pin, connecting rod, connecting hole, rubber bushing, etc. for damage, desoldering, cracking or falling off. If the above inspection is normal, the shock absorber should be further decomposed to check whether the clearance between the piston and the cylinder is too large, whether the cylinder has a strain, whether the valve seal is good, whether the valve flap and the valve seat are tightly attached, and Whether the tension spring of the shocker is too soft or broken, and repair or repair according to the situation.

In addition, the shock absorber will have a sounding fault in actual use, mainly due to the shock absorber colliding with the leaf spring, the frame or the shaft, the rubber pad is damaged or dropped, and the shock absorber dust cylinder is deformed, the oil If it is caused by insufficient reasons, etc., the cause should be identified and repaired.

The shock absorber shall be tested on the special test bench after the inspection and repair. When the resistance frequency is 100±1mm, the resistance of the extension stroke and the compression stroke shall comply with the regulations. For example, the maximum resistance of the CAl091 stretch stroke is 2156~2646N, the maximum resistance of the compression stroke is 392~588N; the maximum resistance of the east windmill stretch stroke is 2450~3038N, and the maximum resistance of the compression stroke is 490~686N.

If there is no test condition, we can also use an empirical method, that is, use an iron rod to penetrate into the lower end of the shock absorber, and use both feet to step on both ends. Hold the upper loop with both hands and pull it back and forth 2~4 times. When pulling up, the resistance is very high. When pressing down, it does not feel laborious, and the resistance of stretching is restored compared with before repairing. If there is no feeling of empty space, it means that the shock absorber is basically normal.

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