At present, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are in the early stage of grain filling, mid-season tillering, single-season late rice transplanting, and double-season late rice sowing. Overall, this year's early rice planting after the rain more water, the number of sunshine hours decreased, resulting in late tillering, individual growth delay, but the quality of seedlings, high rate of adulteration, basic seedlings, effectively compensated for the lack of points. Because the former crops are concentrated and early, the rice planting period in most areas is earlier than in previous years, and the greening is quicker and the seedlings are more sufficient. However, the local rice areas in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River have been planted and transplanted after planting due to drought. The rice expert guidance group of the Ministry of Agriculture proposed to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water according to the current stage of growth and production characteristics of different rice types, comprehensively control pests and diseases, achieve high yield of early rice, and lay a foundation for high yield of mid-season rice.
For early rice production, the first is to control the water. On the basis of water heading, dry and wet wet intermittent irrigation is adopted to prevent high temperature from ripening. Avoid premature aging due to premature water loss, affecting grain weight and yield. The second is to apply good fertilizer. For the three types of seedlings with weak growth, easy to lose fertilizer and premature aging, combined with the late stage pest control, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed, generally with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and the seedlings are added with 0.5-1.0 kg of urea. The third is to prevent and control pests and diseases. This year, rice planthoppers in the southern rice region have moved in time, have a wide range and a large number. Due to factors such as high temperature and high humidity, sheath blight and rice blast have increased in some rice areas. It is necessary to closely track the occurrence of pests and diseases, and timely spray a mixture of chlorpyrifos, scorpion, and tebuconazole.
For a season of mid-season, one is to rush to plant. For some fields that have been delayed in planting, water-saving measures such as drought-resistant tillage and land preparation should be adopted, transplanted as soon as possible, and strive to not insert the July sputum; late planting of the field should moderately increase the density of planting and increase the basic seedlings. The second is to strengthen water management. For the affected fields, water-saving and seedling-preserving measures such as running horse water, humid irrigation, and straw cover should be adopted. As early as possible, the field should be carried out as much as possible to control the seedlings or advance the field, and the number of peak seedlings should be controlled between 1.3 (the dry transplanting artificial transplanting)-1.5 (machine transplanting) times of the number of panicles, and the stems will be increased. rate. The third is classified fertilization. Late planting of the field should be applied early to promote the early development of the fertilizer, set up a high-yield seedling rack. Reasonable application of panicle fertilizer due to seedlings due to seedlings. For the field suitable for the group and the normal leaf color, the flower fertilizer and the flower-preserving fertilizer are applied twice in the inverted 4 leaf and the inverted 2 leaf stage, and the general dosage is 20-30% of the total nitrogen fertilizer and 40-50% of the total potassium fertilizer; For the three types of seedlings with small populations, it is necessary to apply early and partial application; for the oversized fields, it is necessary to apply late and less. The fourth is to comprehensively control pests and diseases. Under the premise of controlling and controlling the field in the Putian period, strengthen the overall control of mixed drugs before and after the break-to-heading period, focusing on prevention and control of "two-shift" pests, black-streaked dwarf disease, and striped leaves Disease, rice false disease and rice blast. The fifth is disaster weather such as high temperature and heat damage. The growth period of a season of rice is long, and early mouthwash should pay special attention to prevent high temperature heat damage caused by continuous high temperature above 35 °C. When high temperature is encountered at the heading, the paddy field must be kept in the deep water layer, and the water should be tempered. At the same time, the method of spraying phosphorus and potassium can be adopted to carry out health care cultivation. The late sputum of a season of rice should prevent cold damage at the end of the season. In case of major disasters such as drought, floods and typhoons, it is necessary to take timely remedial measures according to changes in seedling conditions.
For the double-season late rice, on the basis of resolutely curbing the live broadcast, it is necessary to promote wet and dense sowing and plastic tray transplanting and transplanting, and promote dry breeding and diskless throwing techniques. As far as possible, use early-maturing varieties and alfalfa-type varieties to prevent cold damage at the late stage. In the area where the early rice is delayed, it should be moderately diluted, reduce the dosage of chemical control agents, and promote early emergence and multiple distribution of seedlings. After the early rice is planted, it is necessary to promptly plant it in time to play the advantage of early planting.
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