Potato is a common vegetable in life. During the growth of potato, many pests and diseases will be encountered. Among them, bacterial wilt is a common disease in the process of potato growth. This article will introduce the instructions for the control of potato bacterial wilt. For your reference.
Potato bacterial wilt is a bacterial disease caused by Pseudomonas sphaeroides, and the most obvious symptom is withering. At the beginning of the disease, the leaves are wilting in the daytime, and can be restored in the evening. In the later stage, the leaves are no longer recovered, and the whole plant wither and die. The surface of the stem of the diseased plant is rough, and there are often adventitious roots. In the longitudinal section of the diseased stem, the vascular bundle becomes dark brown or black, and the cross-cut stem is squeezed into the incision with milky white mucus, and the internal stalk of the stem becomes empty.
The pathogen of bacterial wilt is mainly wintering with the diseased body in the soil. The bacteria invading the potato block are overwintering in the pupa. When there is no host, it can be spoiled in the soil for 14 months to 6 years, through rainwater, irrigation water, fertilizer, diseased seedlings, Insects, humans, and production tools spread from the base of the stem or root wounds. After the bacteria invade the vascular bundle, they rapidly multiply and block the catheter, hindering the normal transportation of water, causing the plants to wilting. The pathogen can develop at 10-40 ° C, the optimum temperature is 30-37 ° C, and the optimum soil pH is 6.6. Planting the mushroom seedlings or planting in the fields of continuous cropping, low-lying land and soil acidity is prone to disease. The soil has high water content, and it turns sunny after continuous rain or heavy rain, and the temperature rises sharply.
Pollution-free control measures: (1) Selection of resistant varieties such as Kexin No. 4, Dongyin No. 1, and Atlantic Ocean is the most economical and effective measure for controlling potato bacterial wilt. (2) Planting seed potatoes or virus-free seedlings that have not been cultivated in the field of bacterial wilt can avoid the occurrence of bacterial wilt. (3) Using small pieces of healthy seed potatoes to sown whole potatoes, it can avoid dicing and causing wound infection. (4) For more than 3 years of rotation with cruciferous or gramineous crops, it is best to carry out water and drought rotation with grass crops. (5) Rational fertilization. Try to apply organic active fertilizers and bio-organic fertilizers to reduce the amount of fertilizers such as urea. 15 days after emergence, 2,000 tons of decomposed organic fertilizer or grass ash per acre will enhance the disease resistance of the plants. (6) Strengthen cultivation management. Clean the garden, turn the soil, apply the amount of quicklime to reduce the acidity of the soil; immediately find the diseased plant in the field, and seal the hole with appropriate amount of quicklime to prevent the spread of bacteria; timely drain after heavy rain, use sorghum cultivation to avoid flooding. (7) Chemical control. In the early stage of the disease, 72% of agricultural streptomycin-soluble powder 4000 times solution, 53.8% can kill 1000 times of suspending agent, 25% of Qingchangling WP 800 times, etc., and each solution is 0.25- 0.5 kg, once every 7-10 days, continuous control 2-3 times, alternate rotation medication. At the same time pay attention to the prevention and control of underground pests, reduce root damage and reduce the incidence.
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