1. Fertilize should pay attention to the type of flowers
Different types of flowers have different requirements for fertilizers. Such as sweet-scented osmanthus, camellia happy pig, avoid human waste; azalea, camellia, gardenia and other flowers bogey alkaline fertilizer; flowers with foliage-based, emphasis on nitrogen fertilizer can be manure; to view a large flower-based flower ( For example, chrysanthemums, dahlias, etc., in the flowering period, it is necessary to apply a proper amount of complete fertilizer to make all the flowers open, and to achieve the beauty of color; the flowers that are mainly fruit-seeking should be properly controlled during the flowering period . With sufficient complete fertilizer, the expected effect can be achieved; the bulb flower should be applied with more potassium fertilizer to enrich the bulb; the fragrant flower should enter the flowering period, and some phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to promote the flower fragrance ; The cut flowers need to increase the proportion of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to facilitate the sprouting of new branches.
　　 2 , fertilization should pay attention to the season
Flowers in spring and autumn time when vigorous growth period, root, stem and leaf growth, differentiation, young fruit expansion, require more fertilizer, more fertilizer should be more appropriate facilities; high summer temperatures, the water evaporates faster, but also a flower growing season The concentration of topdressing fertilizer should be small, the number of times can be more; the winter temperature is low, the plant growth is slow, most flowers are in a state of growth stagnation, generally do not fertilize; in addition, when applying organic fertilizer, it must be fully decomposed, not available.
　　 3 , fertilization can not be excessive
　　 Fertilization should be based on the needs of flower growth, seedling hours should be light, should be less; when the seedlings are large, the concentration and fertilization times can be appropriately increased. The flower absorbs nutrients from the soil solution through the root system. If the fertilization is too much, the concentration of the soil solution is too high, so that the water in the root cells is sucked out of the soil by the excessive soil solution, causing the leaves to be browned and the roots "burned".
Organic fertilizers must be fully decomposed before they can be applied. Due to leaves, leaves, fish offal and other organic fertilizer, during the decay will produce a number of fermentation heat, if not sufficiently decomposed directly into flower root, it will rot, fermentation, exothermic process, the The root is "burned to death."
　　 4 , correctly grasp the usage and dosage of base fertilizer and top dressing
The fertilizer applied to the soil before planting or above the pot is called base fertilizer, generally dry powder, such as poultry manure, bone meal, bean cake, etc. It is required to have more nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components, which is beneficial to improve soil structure. And can continue to decompose to ensure the constant need during the long growing period. The base fertilizer must be decomposed. When planting flowers, it should be applied under or around the roots, but it should not be in direct contact with the roots. When the potted plants are used, they should be determined according to the type of flowers. Based fertilizer-based nutritional flowers growth should take it seriously.
　　 During the growth of flowers, due to the lush growth of the foliage, a large number of flowering results, consume a lot of nutrients, need to add fertilizer at any time, this is called top dressing. Most top dressing with liquid fertilizer-based, so conducive to the soil and roots absorb utilization.
Topdressing can apply both inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Inorganic fertilizers must pay attention to the appropriate concentration, usually 0.1 to 0.5%, in order to avoid excessive concentrations cause harm; organic fertilizer must be full maturity, but also to grasp the principle of "smaller meals" in.
　　 5 , how to carry out foliar fertilization
Foliar fertilization is to let the fertilizer dissolve in water and spray on the leaf surface, through the pores or stratum corneum of the leaf surface, infiltrate into the leaves for plant utilization.
Not all fertilizers can be used for foliar application. Only fertilizers with higher solubility such as urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, superphosphate and decomposed human excrement can be used for foliar application. Usually the liquid state fertilizer application water should be added to 500 200-fold dilution, and should be at a lower air temperature, humidity when used, is preferably sprayed in the morning. The fertilizer used should be soaked before use, so that it can be fully dissolved, and the insoluble matter can be filtered out. It can also be mixed with fungicides and insecticides to achieve a double effect.
　　 6 , how to use superphosphate
Calcium superphosphate (phosphorus fertilizer) is the main phosphate fertilizer produced in China today. It is generally grayish white powder and is an acid-accurate phosphate fertilizer. It is suitable for all kinds of soils and various flowers and can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing and seed fertilizer.
When used as a base fertilizer, it should be thoroughly mixed with the soil, preferably mixed with organic fertilizer, and also has a nitrogen retention effect. It is also used as a root dressing effect before and after flowering. SSP spraying concentration is generally 1 to 3%, specific approach is: first, said superphosphate 5 kg, 5 kg water was added, made 10% of the mother liquor, thoroughly stirred and allowed to stand for 12 hours until a water-insoluble plaster sinking, quantitatively remove the upper supernatant was formulated according to the desired concentration, diluted standby. The time of top dressing should be carried out in the morning without dew or before and after dusk, so that the fertilizer solution remains on the leaves for a long time, which is convenient for pore absorption.
　　 7 , how to use urea
Ordinary urea is white crystal and has strong hygroscopicity. It is a neutral fertilizer with nitrogen content of 45~46% . It can be added 8~10 times of fine dry soil after application and mixed well. Urea can be used as a top dressing, the concentration of the solution is 0.5~1% , and the concentration of the flowering period should be lower; the top dressing should be sprayed in the afternoon, with an interval of 7-10 days.
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