The reader of the mobile phone number 6919 asked: A few days ago, your newspaper reported that Huadu Huanong sprayed pesticides had phytotoxicity and found compensation from the manufacturer. I am a vegetable farmer. Sometimes, after spraying pesticides, the vegetables will also appear to wither and so on. I don’t know if it is a phytotoxicity? Please explain in detail what is a phytotoxicity.
A: Crop phytotoxicity refers to the use of pesticides improperly, causing crops to react to various pathological conditions, resulting in reduced production and quality. The phytotoxicity is light and heavy, and it is urgent and slow. It can be summarized as spots, yellowing, deformity, withering, and stagnant growth.
First, crop phytotoxicity can be divided into the following categories according to different symptoms: 1. Spots. Mainly in the leaves of crops, sometimes also on the stem or fruit epidermis, there are several kinds of brown spots, yellow spots, dead spots and so on. For example, the application of butachlor in the early stage of rice Honda causes brown spots, and the high concentration of mancozeb causes the edge of rice leaves to be spotted. Sometimes spots are also expressed on stems and fruits. For example, if you apply mancozeb when pear fruit is small, it is easy to appear fruit spots.
2, yellowing. It is expressed in the stems and leaves of plants and occurs more in leaves. The reason for yellowing is that the pesticide hinders the synthesis of chlorophyll, or blocks the photosynthesis of chlorophyll, or destroys the chlorophyll. For example, the application of the chlorpyrifos on the watermelon causes the new shoot to yellow.
3, deformity. This phytotoxicity may occur in various organs of plants. Common malformations include leaf rolling, clumping, root swelling, deformed ear, and deformed fruit. If the tomato is sprayed with high concentration of naphthaleneacetic acid, the leaf will be rolled, and the 2,4-D application will result in hollow fruit and malformed fruit; the melon will be fan-shaped by 2,4-D phytotoxicity, and the purity is not high. Make the tomatoes tender leaves and so on.
4, withered. This phytotoxicity is generally manifested throughout the plant, mostly due to improper use of herbicides. For example, watermelon seedlings are affected by green mellon, yellow leaves of the young leaves, dead leaves of the leaves, and atrophy of the plants; the insecticides sprayed with high concentrations of beans have symptoms such as dry coke, wilting and dead seedlings.
5. Production is stagnant. The growth caused by phytotoxicity is slow compared with the stiffness of physiological diseases. The former often has symptoms of plaques or other phytotoxicity. Improper application of growth inhibitors and herbicides, such as excessive use of chlormequat, causes crop growth to stagnate.
6, infertility. The cause of such phytotoxicity is improper use during flowering. For example, applying rice stalks during rice heading can cause empty mites.
7, fall off. It often occurs on fruit trees and other dicotyledonous plants, such as falling flowers, deciduous leaves, and falling fruits. For example, the application of acesulfame and phosphorus in peach trees and the application of omethoate at flowering stage cause defoliation, or the defoliation occurs due to the influence of copper preparations; The pesticide methamidophos can cause falling flowers.
8, bad fruit. The phytotoxicity of the fruit sometimes manifests as abnormal fruit surface and deteriorated quality. For example, watermelon is harmed by ethephon, and the melon is dark red and smelly.
Second, the cause of phytotoxicity From the situation of crops suffering from phytotoxicity for many years, the main reasons for the phytotoxicity are as follows: First, the wrong pesticide is used. Second, the concentration is too high, or the concentration is correct and repeated application during the operation. The third is to apply the medicine when the temperature is high, the humidity is high, and the sunshine is strong. The fourth is to apply the drug during the sensitive growth stage of the crop. Fifth, improper mixing of drugs. Sixth, pesticide formulations and processing quality are also related to phytotoxicity.
3. Remedial measures for phytotoxicity When it is found that crops in the field of application have typical symptoms such as yellowing of leaves, spots of stems and leaves, stagnation of growth, wilting of plants, and deformity, it is necessary to analyze the causes of phytotoxicity in order to adopt corresponding remedial measures. . Common remedies for phytotoxicity are:
1. Spray a large amount of water to rinse or slightly alkaline water to rinse, repeatedly spray water 2-3 times, try to wash the medicine on the surface of the plant and add phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
2. Chasing quick-acting fertilizer. On crops where phytotoxicity occurs, fertilizers such as urea should be quickly applied to increase nutrients and strengthen the growth of crops.
3. Spray drugs that relieve phytotoxicity. If the crops are harmed by omethoate, parathion and other pesticides, 0.2% borax solution can be sprayed on the affected crops; rapeseed, peanuts, etc. are inhibited by paclobutrazol, and erythroic acid solution can be sprayed appropriately.
4. Remove the parts with serious phytotoxicity. This measure is commonly used on fruit trees.
Fourth, measures to avoid and reduce the phytotoxicity of pesticides on crops 1. Proper selection of pesticides.
2, when taking medicine, it is necessary to look at the sky, see the ground, see the seedlings, avoid adverse weather, sensitive crop varieties and growth period.
3. Scientific application of different pesticides. First, it must be used strictly in accordance with the prescribed scope and dosage, and should not be expanded or increased at will. Second, apply the drug evenly at one time to avoid repeated medication. Third, do not mix pesticides, so as not to aggravate the phytotoxicity. Fourth, when applying herbicides, especially broad-spectrum herbicides, the wind direction should be observed and the windshield should be installed on the nozzle to avoid harming the crops of adjacent fields. Fifth, we must pay attention to avoid the use of pesticides that have residual phytotoxicity to the crops.
The reader of the mobile phone number 0028 asks: My tribute octopus has a thick skin and less water. What is the reason?
Answer: There are three main reasons for the thick skin and less water of Gonggan: partial application of nitrogen fertilizer; excessive spraying of hormones, such as 2,4-D; in the rapid expansion period, that is, August-September, encounter drought and less rain. Therefore, it is recommended that you apply scientific fertilization and increase the application of organic fertilizer. When using hormones, pay attention to the concentration should not be too high, otherwise it is easier to produce thick skin.
The reader of the mobile phone number 1602 asks: The control of the sugar-stained oranges is very large. Some fruit growers say that they can not control the shoots and let them grow. However, it is necessary to reduce the fertilizer and water properly during the control period. Is this OK?
Answer: The fruit tree control work should take corresponding measures according to the growth of the shoots, with the principle of “promoting spring shoots and controlling the summer shootsâ€. In the controlled period, it is treated in a targeted manner. If the number of summer shoots is too much, the tip should be wiped in time to reduce the supply of fertilizer and water, and one or two weak shoots can be retained to consume fertilizer and water and inhibit the growth of other summer shoots. If there are few, the method of reducing the control of fertilizer and water can be appropriately adopted.
A: Crop phytotoxicity refers to the use of pesticides improperly, causing crops to react to various pathological conditions, resulting in reduced production and quality. The phytotoxicity is light and heavy, and it is urgent and slow. It can be summarized as spots, yellowing, deformity, withering, and stagnant growth.
First, crop phytotoxicity can be divided into the following categories according to different symptoms: 1. Spots. Mainly in the leaves of crops, sometimes also on the stem or fruit epidermis, there are several kinds of brown spots, yellow spots, dead spots and so on. For example, the application of butachlor in the early stage of rice Honda causes brown spots, and the high concentration of mancozeb causes the edge of rice leaves to be spotted. Sometimes spots are also expressed on stems and fruits. For example, if you apply mancozeb when pear fruit is small, it is easy to appear fruit spots.
2, yellowing. It is expressed in the stems and leaves of plants and occurs more in leaves. The reason for yellowing is that the pesticide hinders the synthesis of chlorophyll, or blocks the photosynthesis of chlorophyll, or destroys the chlorophyll. For example, the application of the chlorpyrifos on the watermelon causes the new shoot to yellow.
3, deformity. This phytotoxicity may occur in various organs of plants. Common malformations include leaf rolling, clumping, root swelling, deformed ear, and deformed fruit. If the tomato is sprayed with high concentration of naphthaleneacetic acid, the leaf will be rolled, and the 2,4-D application will result in hollow fruit and malformed fruit; the melon will be fan-shaped by 2,4-D phytotoxicity, and the purity is not high. Make the tomatoes tender leaves and so on.
4, withered. This phytotoxicity is generally manifested throughout the plant, mostly due to improper use of herbicides. For example, watermelon seedlings are affected by green mellon, yellow leaves of the young leaves, dead leaves of the leaves, and atrophy of the plants; the insecticides sprayed with high concentrations of beans have symptoms such as dry coke, wilting and dead seedlings.
5. Production is stagnant. The growth caused by phytotoxicity is slow compared with the stiffness of physiological diseases. The former often has symptoms of plaques or other phytotoxicity. Improper application of growth inhibitors and herbicides, such as excessive use of chlormequat, causes crop growth to stagnate.
6, infertility. The cause of such phytotoxicity is improper use during flowering. For example, applying rice stalks during rice heading can cause empty mites.
7, fall off. It often occurs on fruit trees and other dicotyledonous plants, such as falling flowers, deciduous leaves, and falling fruits. For example, the application of acesulfame and phosphorus in peach trees and the application of omethoate at flowering stage cause defoliation, or the defoliation occurs due to the influence of copper preparations; The pesticide methamidophos can cause falling flowers.
8, bad fruit. The phytotoxicity of the fruit sometimes manifests as abnormal fruit surface and deteriorated quality. For example, watermelon is harmed by ethephon, and the melon is dark red and smelly.
Second, the cause of phytotoxicity From the situation of crops suffering from phytotoxicity for many years, the main reasons for the phytotoxicity are as follows: First, the wrong pesticide is used. Second, the concentration is too high, or the concentration is correct and repeated application during the operation. The third is to apply the medicine when the temperature is high, the humidity is high, and the sunshine is strong. The fourth is to apply the drug during the sensitive growth stage of the crop. Fifth, improper mixing of drugs. Sixth, pesticide formulations and processing quality are also related to phytotoxicity.
3. Remedial measures for phytotoxicity When it is found that crops in the field of application have typical symptoms such as yellowing of leaves, spots of stems and leaves, stagnation of growth, wilting of plants, and deformity, it is necessary to analyze the causes of phytotoxicity in order to adopt corresponding remedial measures. . Common remedies for phytotoxicity are:
1. Spray a large amount of water to rinse or slightly alkaline water to rinse, repeatedly spray water 2-3 times, try to wash the medicine on the surface of the plant and add phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.
2. Chasing quick-acting fertilizer. On crops where phytotoxicity occurs, fertilizers such as urea should be quickly applied to increase nutrients and strengthen the growth of crops.
3. Spray drugs that relieve phytotoxicity. If the crops are harmed by omethoate, parathion and other pesticides, 0.2% borax solution can be sprayed on the affected crops; rapeseed, peanuts, etc. are inhibited by paclobutrazol, and erythroic acid solution can be sprayed appropriately.
4. Remove the parts with serious phytotoxicity. This measure is commonly used on fruit trees.
Fourth, measures to avoid and reduce the phytotoxicity of pesticides on crops 1. Proper selection of pesticides.
2, when taking medicine, it is necessary to look at the sky, see the ground, see the seedlings, avoid adverse weather, sensitive crop varieties and growth period.
3. Scientific application of different pesticides. First, it must be used strictly in accordance with the prescribed scope and dosage, and should not be expanded or increased at will. Second, apply the drug evenly at one time to avoid repeated medication. Third, do not mix pesticides, so as not to aggravate the phytotoxicity. Fourth, when applying herbicides, especially broad-spectrum herbicides, the wind direction should be observed and the windshield should be installed on the nozzle to avoid harming the crops of adjacent fields. Fifth, we must pay attention to avoid the use of pesticides that have residual phytotoxicity to the crops.
The reader of the mobile phone number 0028 asks: My tribute octopus has a thick skin and less water. What is the reason?
Answer: There are three main reasons for the thick skin and less water of Gonggan: partial application of nitrogen fertilizer; excessive spraying of hormones, such as 2,4-D; in the rapid expansion period, that is, August-September, encounter drought and less rain. Therefore, it is recommended that you apply scientific fertilization and increase the application of organic fertilizer. When using hormones, pay attention to the concentration should not be too high, otherwise it is easier to produce thick skin.
The reader of the mobile phone number 1602 asks: The control of the sugar-stained oranges is very large. Some fruit growers say that they can not control the shoots and let them grow. However, it is necessary to reduce the fertilizer and water properly during the control period. Is this OK?
Answer: The fruit tree control work should take corresponding measures according to the growth of the shoots, with the principle of “promoting spring shoots and controlling the summer shootsâ€. In the controlled period, it is treated in a targeted manner. If the number of summer shoots is too much, the tip should be wiped in time to reduce the supply of fertilizer and water, and one or two weak shoots can be retained to consume fertilizer and water and inhibit the growth of other summer shoots. If there are few, the method of reducing the control of fertilizer and water can be appropriately adopted.
ã€Comment】 ã€Print this article】 ã€Close this page】 ã€Large, medium and small】
The following EN124 classification represents a first guide of selection. A second guide details for each product the performance of features, among which ergonomics, absorption, installation, safety, security.
F900
A super heavy duty version of the Briflo double triangular grating.
Rated to Group 6 F900 load classification.
Application
Recommended for use in areas that are subjected to very heavy wheel loads such as aircraft pavements, container ports and docksides.
Briflo E600
A heavy duty double triangular grating.
Briflo is rated to Group 6 F900 load classification.
Application
Recommended for use in trunk roads carrying continuous fast moving traffic and industrial areas that are subjected to very heavy wheel loads such as motorways, docks and container areas.
D400
A D400 Grating and Frame with a 1:5 V profile, AquaVantage offers optimum performance in the key areas of water clearing capacity, operator safety and asset security. The range consists of 600x600, 900x900, 1200x675 and 675x1200 clear openings.
Rated to Group 4 D400 load classification.
Application
Ideally suited for carriageway and surface water drainage channels with a 1:5 V profile.
C250
Available as kerb hinged version and offers the benefits of the D400 unit of durability and security , but for lower intensity applications.
Watershed C250 is rated to Group 3 C250 load classification.
Application
Recommended for use in local access roads carrying continuous traffic where hinged access is required.
B125
Concave profile captive hinge grating.
Available in clear opening sizes 220x220 or 300x300.
The Aquaflo is rated to Group 2 B125 load classification.
Application
For use in conjunction with dished surface water channels.
Gully Grates,Cast Iron Gully Grates,Road Gully Grates,Drain Grate
Hebei Lanwei Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd. , http://www.hblanwei.com