Vitamin is one of the five major nutrients of chicken. Although vitamins are needed in the body, it is an essential nutrient for the growth and production of chicken. If it is lacking or does not meet the appropriate demand, it will bring slow growth. Unfavorable effects such as disease resistance, reduced stress resistance, and reduced productivity. In order to obtain the best benefit of breeding, it is necessary to balance and efficiently supplement multivitamins in order to achieve the goal of improving feed utilization, enhancing disease resistance, promoting growth and development, and increasing yield.
There are 14 kinds of vitamins that chickens ingest from the diet. The most common ones are vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, riboflavin, vitamin B12 and vitamin K3.
Vitamin A
The main role of vitamin A is to strengthen the formation of epithelial tissue, maintain the normal function of epithelial cells and nerve cells, protect the normal vision, enhance the resistance to infectious diseases and parasites, and promote the growth and development of poultry. When vitamin A is deficient, the newborn chicks develop ophthalmia or blindness, and growth retardation occurs within 2 weeks of age. At 3 weeks of age, the body was weak, the movement was ataxia, and the feathers were unkempt. If not replenished in time, the eyes and nose are inflamed and the eyelids are swollen. The chicken is thin and weak, and the feathers are loose. In laying hens, the laying rate is reduced, and the rate of fertilization is reduced in breeding hens. The hatching rate is low, the disease resistance is weakened, and various diseases are prone to occur. Nano-vitamins are rich in easily absorbed vitamin A.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D is involved in the process of calcium and phosphorus metabolism in bones and eggshells, and promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the stomach. When vitamin D is deficient, the chicks grow poorly, the feathers are loose, the paws become soft and curved, the sternum is bent, the chest is invaginated, the leg bones are deformed, the eggshell is thin or soft, and the egg production rate and hatching rate are decreased.
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is an effective antioxidant and metabolic regulator. It has a protective effect on vitamin D in the digestive tract and chicken tissues. It can improve the reproductive performance of the breeder, regulate the metabolism of the nucleus, and promote immune function and improve the disease of poultry. Resistance to enhance anti-stress effects. When vitamin E is deficient, chicks suffer from cerebral softening, exudative quality disease and white muscle disease; cock reproductive function disorder; hens have no obvious symptoms, but the hatching rate of eggs is low, and embryos often die at 4-7 days old. The addition of vitamin E can promote the growth of chicks and increase the hatching rate of eggs. The need for vitamin E increases when chickens are in adversity. Vitamin E can be destroyed during the production of compound feed heating and granulation.
Vitamin K
The main role of vitamin K is to catalyze the synthesis of prothrombin. In the absence of vitamin K, the sick chicken is prone to bleeding and is not easy to coagulate, the crown is pale, and the squat posture is before death. In hens deficient in vitamin K, hatching chicks are also susceptible to bleeding. When using sulfonamides or antibiotics, use vitamin K as appropriate.
Thiamine (vitamin B1)
The main role of thiamine is appetizing to aid digestion. In the absence of thiamine, chicks grow poorly, lose appetite, indigestion, muscle weakness, weight loss, and spasm; when severely deficient, they show multiple neuritis, and the head is extremely curved, squatting, and falling to the ground. The symptoms of adult chickens are similar to those of chicks, and the cocks are purple. Thiamine is easily destroyed by heat during feed production.
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