VLAN (Virtual Local Area Netword) Chinese name "virtual local area network", VLAN is to logically divide the equipment of the local area network into a network segment, thereby realizing the data exchange of the virtual local area network. It is mainly used in switches. Not all switches support VLAN functions. They can only be used on Layer 3 switches that support Layer 3 protocols.
VLANs are classified according to MAC addresses. The method of dividing VLANs is based on the MAC address of each host. That is, the host for each MAC address is configured with which group it belongs to. The biggest advantage of this VLAN-based method is that when the user's physical location moves, that is, when switching from one switch to another, the VLAN does not need to be reconfigured. Therefore, it can be considered that the method of dividing the MAC address is based on the user's VLAN. The disadvantage of this method is that all users must be configured during initialization. If there are hundreds or even thousands of users, the configuration is very tired. Moreover, this method of partitioning also leads to a reduction in the efficiency of the switch execution, because there may be many members of a VLAN group on each switch's port, so that the broadcast packet cannot be restricted. In addition, for users who use laptops, their network cards may be replaced frequently, so VLANs must be constantly configured.
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