2011 is a year in which “Made in China†should leave a memory. On the one hand, the "Made in China" is the crown of the world, and the other side is the dilemma of "Made in China" in the face of tremendous survival pressure. The global manufacturing landscape is changing. "Made in China" is at a time when it is not going forward. According to UN statistics, according to the exchange rate at the beginning of 2011, the output value of China's manufacturing industry has reached 2.05 trillion US dollars this year, and the US manufacturing output value is 1.78 trillion US dollars. China will continue to become the country with the highest manufacturing output in the world after 2010. . However, as the world's number one manufacturing power, China still fails to get rid of the confusion of low-end manufacturing. As it is still in the middle and lower reaches of the world manufacturing industry chain, the price and trade conditions of China's manufacturing sector to the US trade show a deteriorating trend, which reflects the weakening of the exchange capacity of China's unit export commodities, and the trade income and trade added value of each unit of goods exported. On the decline. China is in an unbalanced state in the trade distribution of trade with Europe and the United States. Statistics show that China's current capital-to-labor ratio is only one-fifth of the international average and one-tenth of the United States. The rate of return on capital is not only significantly higher than the international average, but also higher than the average of developing countries. The reason for the high-yield profits is largely due to the long-term distortion of labor prices. Over the years, China has accumulated a large trade surplus, but the high surplus has not achieved high returns. According to the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, 88.5% of US consumer spending is spent on “Made in the United Statesâ€, including service expenses, which account for the bulk of consumer spending; while only 2.7% of US consumer spending is spent on “Made in Chinaâ€. on. According to a survey conducted by the Center for International Economic Research of Tsinghua University, the proportion of exports to the United States to China’s total exports to the world increased from 6.6% in 1989 to 17.7% in 2008, while the total US exports to China accounted for 1989. The 9.7% of the year fell to 7.2% in 2008. Therefore, China's low-end manufacturing high growth space is not big enough, and it must be transformed into high-end manufacturing. The global financial crisis is forcing developed countries to re-examine their industrial structure, explore the real economy and revitalize the road, and encourage high-end manufacturing to stay in the country. The Boston Consulting Group reported that 15% of US companies targeting the North American market will “return†from China to the United States. This is a time to go back. The new competitive advantage of the United States in the future comes from the revitalization of high-end manufacturing. The US manufacturing industry is taking advantage of the huge innovation advantage and the integration ability of global resources to return to “Made in Chinaâ€. Where should the labor costs rise, the RMB appreciate, and environmental and resource bottlenecks, It means that the beginning of the revaluation of China's production factor prices, China's low-cost advantage will gradually disappear. If China can't really build a foundation for innovation, not improve its total factor productivity as soon as possible, and gradually lose its low-cost advantage, it will lead to the loss of low-end manufacturing and high-end manufacturing advantages. This is one of the biggest challenges for the Chinese economy in the next decade.
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