Under the situation that the investment growth rate of high-energy-consuming industries in China continues to be fast, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission have proposed to implement the implementation opinions on punitive electricity prices to solve the problem that the punitive electricity prices of some major energy-consuming provinces are weakening. A research report submitted exclusively by the reporter to the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the State Electricity Regulatory Commission recommended that the punitive electricity price should be coexisted from the current two modes of excess electricity and all electricity, unified to all electricity. A single model of levy. According to the current data, the latter can save nearly 10 million tons of standard coal compared with the former, and increase the income by 7.6 billion yuan. The punitive electricity price in Gansu Province in Ningxia is lower than the prescribed level. Punitive electricity prices and differential electricity prices are policies introduced to cope with the severe energy conservation and emission reduction situation. According to public information, in 2004, the National Development and Reform Commission selected six high-energy-consuming industries, such as electrolytic aluminum, ferroalloy, calcium carbide, caustic soda, cement, and steel, according to the technical level, and implemented differentiated electricity price policies for enterprises adopting eliminated and restricted technologies, including elimination. The tariff increase standard is 0.05 yuan / kWh, and the standard price increase price is 0.02 yuan / kWh. In 2006, the state first increased the two high-energy-consuming industries of yellow phosphorus and zinc smelting, and the second was to raise the price-reduction standard of eliminated electricity prices to 0.20 yuan/kWh in stages, and the standard of price-limiting tariffs was increased to 0.05 yuan in stages. Kilowatt hours. Until 2010, the end of the "Eleventh Five-Year" period, due to the performance of the first four years "there is still a big gap with the 'Eleventh Five-Year' planning goals (Deputy Director of the National Development and Reform Commission Xie Zhenhua)", 2010 5 In the month, the National Development and Reform Commission, the State Electricity Regulatory Commission, and the National Energy Administration issued the Notice on Clearing Up Issues Concerning Preferential Electricity Prices for High Energy-Efficient Enterprises. At this point, the "punitive electricity price policy" has entered the national "red head file." According to the document, the state imposes a punitive electricity price on products with energy consumption exceeding the limit based on the energy consumption limit standard. If the unit energy consumption exceeds the limit standard by more than one time, it shall be implemented in accordance with the price-reduction standard of the eliminated electricity price; if it exceeds the limit standard, the provincial price department shall, in conjunction with the power regulatory agency, formulate the mark-up standard. However, the above-mentioned internal research report drafted by the Center for Public Policy Research of the China Economic System Reform Research Association pointed out that the punitive tariff increases in Ningxia and Gansu are relatively low. The penalty price for punitive electricity price imposed by cement, coke and paper-making enterprises in Ningxia for energy consumption exceeding the limit is 0.03 yuan/kWh, and the punitive price increase standard for ferroalloy and calcium carbide production enterprises with energy consumption exceeding the limit is 0.01 yuan. / kWh; Gansu's punitive electricity price of 0.15 yuan per kWh for enterprises with more than 30% energy consumption exceeding the limit is lower than the level specified in the Notice. Hu Junfeng, a professor at North China Electric Power University, one of the report's authors, explained to reporters on the 26th that the price increase of punitive electricity prices in Ningxia and Gansu is relatively low, which is related to relying on high-energy-consuming industries to support the local economy. “Considering that as an underdeveloped region, local enterprises have a long technological transformation cycle and short-term profitability is greatly affected by punitive electricity prices. Low standards can be understood as a transitional policy.†But Hu Junfeng said that with Ningxia, Gansu and other energy consumption The total energy consumption of the provinces has increased sharply. The contradiction between local energy supply and demand has become increasingly prominent, and the price increase of punitive electricity prices will have to be raised. On the one hand, it is the urgent need of the “leading leader†to maintain economic growth in the western region, and on the other hand, it has not yet got rid of the “severe†qualitative industrial energy-saving situation. The Planning Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology disclosed earlier this month that from January to May this year, investment in high energy-consuming industries grew rapidly. The data shows that the investment in the six high-energy-consuming industries was 1.5 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.7%, and the growth rate was 8.2 percentage points higher than the same period of last year. Relevant persons from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that last year, China's energy-intensive industries accounted for 78.9% of industrial energy consumption. “It is much higher than the world's major economies in the process of industrialization, and it is still on the rise.†Fundamentally reverse the passive situation of high industrial energy consumption and rapid growth." The two ministries have brewed punitive tariffs. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued this month's "Opinions on Further Strengthening Industrial Energy Conservation Work" emphasizes accelerating the establishment and implementation of punitive electricity price policies for enterprises with ultra-energy-limited quotas. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said that all regions should speed up the establishment and improvement of a punitive electricity price policy mechanism based on the implementation of enterprise energy consumption quota standards, and impose punitive electricity prices on enterprises whose energy consumption per unit of product (process) exceeds the limit value; it is necessary to strengthen policy coordination and implementation. According to the actual situation in the region, expand the scope of products that implement punitive electricity prices, increase the punitive tariff increase standard, and increase the implementation of punitive electricity prices. Hu Junfeng said that under the current background of “steady growthâ€, especially “stable investmentâ€, all localities tend to “master the easing†when implementing punitive electricity prices. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a nationally unified and stricter standard. Second, it is necessary to conduct post-evaluation at various levels in the implementation level, and establish an accountability mechanism as soon as possible. The National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the State Electricity Regulatory Commission jointly hold the relevant violations and violations. In this regard, an official involved in policy formulation by the relevant competent authorities revealed to reporters that the “Notice on Clearing the Preferential Electricity Prices for High Energy-Efficient Enterprises†issued by the three ministries and commissions has been in place for more than a year, but for high-energy-consuming industries. The punitive electricity price implementation mechanism has not yet been fully operational in all places. To this end, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission have proposed an implementation opinion on punitive electricity prices. It is reported that the first draft of the implementation opinion has been drafted by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and has been solicited opinions from the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Electricity Regulatory Commission. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is currently organizing relevant experts to answer the feedback from the above two departments. The above-mentioned officials in charge of relevant authorities said that the level of unit consumption of enterprises will decrease with the advancement of technology, so almost all enterprises will lose the meaning once they meet the unit consumption standard. The official said that the dynamic adjustment mechanism of the unit consumption standard should be established. Under the premise of continuous improvement of enterprise unit consumption, the national unit consumption standard will be raised accordingly. “Even the current industry average unit consumption can be considered as the minimum limit after 3 years. ", thus providing the driving force for companies to keep close to the international advanced energy consumption level. At the timing of the implementation of the punitive electricity price implementation, the relevant person from the National Development and Reform Commission said: "We cannot push the punitive electricity price because of the current economic downturn, but whether it is the best time, we are studying." Hu Junfeng said that economic development When it is faster, the price authorities are worried that the price will be transmitted to the downstream industry and increase inflation; when the economic climate is lowered, the price authorities are worried about lowering corporate profits and leading to a “hard landing†of the economy. Hu Junfeng believes that with the slowdown in economic growth in the second half of the year, if the inflation situation is further eased, it will provide a good opportunity for punitive electricity price reform. All electricity collection modes can save nearly tens of millions of tons of standard coal and increase revenue by 7.6 billion yuan. In terms of the execution power of punitive electricity prices, it is worth noting that the above research report indicates that most provinces currently exceed the electricity consumption of standard enterprises with energy consumption exceeding the limit. Expropriation, a small number of provinces (such as Ningxia) levy on all electricity. “Because the energy consumption limit standard is mainly calculated according to the total of all energy sources, there is a certain difficulty in how to exceed the power quantity reasonably, and human factors interfere more.†An expert who participated in the report told the reporter. Relatively speaking, first of all, in terms of energy efficiency, the excess electricity mode only works for seven industries including ammonia, caustic soda, cement, flat glass, crude steel, magnesium smelting and zinc smelting. All electricity modes have increased yellow phosphorus and calcium carbide. 3 industries such as electrolytic aluminum. Secondly, in terms of energy-saving effect, it is estimated that the former model can save energy consumption of 64.32 million tons of standard coal, and the latter model can save energy by 73.89 million tons of standard coal, saving 9.57 million tons of standard coal more than the former. Finally, in terms of electricity price income, the former model revenue reached 10.5 billion yuan, while the latter model income reached 18.1 billion yuan, an increase of 7.6 billion yuan over the former. To this end, the report recommends to the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the State Electricity Regulatory Commission: "The punitive electricity price policy should adopt the method of collecting all electricity." At the same time, the report also stated that the implementation opinions under study need to be clearly defined to all localities. The content includes: the distinction and convergence of punitive electricity price and differential electricity price policy, the scope of electricity execution, the price increase price, and the use of income. The relevant personnel of the State Electricity Regulatory Commission reminded that the implementation of punitive electricity prices should be tailored to local conditions and classified guidance, rather than the national unified standards, across the board. In other words, the state issues a guidance, and different regions should formulate specific policies based on local economic development and environmental resource load. For the high-energy-consuming industries in the western region, the source said that the western provinces such as Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Ningxia are rich in power resources and cheap in electricity prices. “It is better to develop their own industries on the spot than to transport them to other regions over long distances†. Lin Boqiang, director of the China Energy Economic Research Center of Xiamen University, also said that the industrial development stage of each of the eastern, central and western regions is different, and the level of punitive electricity prices should be different for high energy consumption. Zhejiang, Guangdong, Shanghai and other developed regions and the above-mentioned western regions should be differentiated in the implementation of punitive electricity prices. "For example, the eastern price increase is 5 cents, the central price increase is 3 cents, and the western price increase is 2 cents." The above research report suggests that enterprises that implement the differential electricity price policy may apply to stop the implementation of the differential electricity price policy if they reach the energy consumption limit standard through technological transformation. The punitive electricity price income, as a policy-specific income, should give priority to supporting enterprise technology in the direction of use. Transformation. "We can't hope that high-energy-consuming enterprises will all be shut down, but they should encourage these companies to improve energy efficiency, reduce energy costs, and increase competitive advantage." Hu Junfeng finally said.
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