Morning Post reporter Li Yunfang
The results of the GM "Golden Rice" test were finally released yesterday and 3 parties were dismissed. This originated from the mystery of the “golden rice†that set off more than three months of public opinion storms. However, if the cloud is cleared up, what is left is worth pondering deeply.
The three agencies involved apologized to the public
The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (hereinafter referred to as the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention) made a briefing on its official website yesterday. According to the report, the “Golden Rice†rice was cooked by Tang Guangwen of the Tufts University in the United States and was not reported to the relevant domestic authorities as required, and was brought into China on May 29, 2008. Twenty-five children from Jiangkou Town Central Elementary School in Hengnan County, Hengyang City, Hunan Province, consumed 60 grams of “golden rice†per person on lunch on June 2 of that year. The three parties did not explain to the parents in advance that the trial will use genetically modified "golden rice," and the site did not issue full informed consent and has been removed from office.
The disease was apologized to the public by the CDC, the Zhejiang Medical Academy involved, and the Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
Children participated in psychological counseling
In August 2012, Tufts University Tang Guangwen and others published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition that beta-carotene and oil capsules in "Golden Rice" are equally effective for children's vitamin A supplementation." Research papers have aroused social concern. The main authors of the dissertation were Tang Guangwen of Tufts University, Hu Yuming of Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yin Shian of China Center for Disease Control and Nutrition, and Wang Yin of Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences.
The Ministry of Health and the relevant parties in Zhejiang Province and Hunan Province thus instructed the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the Zhejiang Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences and the Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention to jointly investigate the issues involved in the paper.
The parent of the test child Mr. Xiao told the Morning Post reporter that 80,000 yuan compensation had been issued to them yesterday afternoon. In addition, yesterday morning, some experts gave psychological counseling to children who had participated in the trial, especially the consumption of golden rice, in Jiangkou Town Middle School. These children are now first-year students.
25 children each eat 60 grams of "golden rice"
In the disease control, 80 children participated in the trial, 25 of them ate rice, and Hengnan officials had previously told parents 88 people to participate in the trial.
The investigation showed that the "Golden Rice" test belongs to the "Children Plant Carotenoid Vitamin A Equivalent Study" project hosted by Tang Guangwen of the Tufts University. The project is to study the carrots in spinach, "golden rice" and beta-carotene capsules. The efficiency of absorption and conversion into vitamin A in children, exploring ways to prevent vitamin A deficiency in children. In 2008, the project was transferred from Zhejiang to Hunan and merged with a domestic project carried out by Yin Shian in Hunan. From May 20 to June 23 of that year, the project was implemented at the Jiangkou Town Central Elementary School in Hengnan County. From May 20th to June 23rd, 2008, experiments with the “golden rice†experimental group were implemented at the Jiangkou Town Center Elementary School in Hengnan County, Hunan Province. The test subjects were 80 children (Hengnan officials had previously stated 88 to parents) and were randomly divided into 3 groups. Among them, a group of 25 children consumed 60 grams of “golden rice†per person on lunch on June 2. The rest of the time and other groups of children eat locally purchased food.
The "Golden Rice" rice was cooked by Tang Guangwen in the United States and was not reported to the relevant domestic authorities as required, and was brought into China on May 29, 2008. At lunch on June 2, Tang Guangwen and others mixed and heated the “golden rice†rice and white rice and distributed it to the children.
On May 22, 2008, the research group held an informed briefing for parents and guardians of students, but did not say that the trial will use genetically modified "golden rice." The full informed consent form was not issued on the scene. Only the last page of the informed consent was issued. The parents or guardians of the students signed the page. There was no mention of “golden rice†on this page. What was not informed was that "Genetic rice."
The party provided false information to interfere with the investigation
The review of the ethical review was not completed. Tang Guangwen began his experiment in Hengnan County and Tufts University is conducting an investigation.
According to the briefing, when the project was implemented, Tang Guangwen, Yin Shi'an, and Wang Yin did not perform the obligation of informing on-site as the person in charge of the project. During the trial period, they did not tell the local competent authority and the project undertaker to carry out the “golden rice†test; The intentional use of the expression “carbohydrate-rich rice†when signing the informed consent agreement with the parents of the students deliberately concealed the fact of using “golden riceâ€.
To find out the exact facts, the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention sent a special trip to Tufts University and the NIH to investigate the situation. According to the test documents and samples provided by the two units, the above situation was further confirmed. According to Tufts University regulations, the ethical review of a single pilot project should be reviewed every year. Any changes to the project content should be reviewed. Tang Guangwen started the experiment in Hengnan County before the ethical review retrial was completed in 2008. Tufts University is also investigating issues involving violations of ethics in the trial.
The investigation found that in July 2008, the relevant department was informed that the University of Tufts had carried out the “Golden Rice†test in China. When the main researcher of the project was asked to investigate, the parties concealed the facts and lied that the research work had not been conducted. However, the actual work on site was already over. In this survey, Yin Shi'an and Wang Yin concealed the main facts and provided false information, which seriously interfered with and hindered the investigation.
Everyone who eats rice receives 80,000 working hours of lost-time mental fee.
Unused "golden rice" children, each household compensation for 10,000 yuan lost time; consumption of "golden rice" children, each household make up 80,000 lost time fees, spiritual soothing fees.
According to experts, “Golden Rice†is an international cooperative research project supported by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization for a long time. The purpose is to improve the nutritional conditions of children and women in poor areas of the Third World, to reduce blindness caused by the lack of vitamin A, and to have low immunity. Other diseases. However, an originally well-intentioned experiment caused a great psychological burden on the subjects due to the operator's violations and concealment.
Ms. Chen, the parent of the test child, said in an interview with the Morning Post reporter that on November 30 this year, the parents gathered at the meeting of the Jiangkou Town Government and Liao Yizhi, deputy secretary of the Hengnan County Committee, told them about the entire process of the trial. At the meeting, the government also gave a compensation plan: For children who have not eaten "Golden Rice", each family member compensates 10,000 yuan for lost working time; for children who have consumed "Golden Rice," each family member compensates for lost working time and spiritual soothing fees. 80,000 yuan. The official compensation plan agreement was signed by the parents of 25 children. In order to avoid their concerns, the agreement states that the government will be responsible for any sequelae in the future.
An official in Hengyang City said that considering that parents have been running around for many times, some parents have given them the “golden rice†with a heavy psychological burden, thus giving them lost time and spiritual soothing fees.
The parent of the test child Mr. Xiao told the Morning Post reporter that he received 80,000 yuan compensation yesterday afternoon. 80,000 yuan consists of two parts, 60,000 yuan from the Hengnan County government, and another 20,000 yuan from the corresponding organizational unit for parents to work out.
However, the families of children who have consumed “golden rice†still cannot resolve their concerns. “Now we cannot see what will happen if something happens later.â€
Mr. Xiao, the parent, told the Morning Post reporter that the parents of children who had consumed “Golden Rice†had also gone to the town government to negotiate with the children for physical examination yesterday. The reply given by the official is that if you want to have a physical examination, you need to discuss and arrange the group again; if you do not have a physical examination, you will directly issue 3,000 yuan.
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The "Red Line" of Wuyue in the Past Ten Years
According to Xinhua News Agency, the project was established 10 years ago, and it was completed in 2008. The results of yesterday’s investigations have come to an end. The number of “Golden Rice†trials performed more than once on the “red line†and violated many regulations and guidelines.
One more "red line":
The "Golden Rice" project was approved by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in December 2002. Tang Guangwen of Tufts University, Yin Shian of China Center for Disease Control and Nutrition, and Wang Yin of Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences acted as project leaders and merged the "Golden Rice" test with domestic projects and secretly completed it, never to the competent authorities. The project undertaking unit mentioned "golden rice" and did not inform students that it was "genetically modified rice."
The second "Red Line":
In November 2003, the Ethical Review Committee of the Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences passed the ethical review of the NIH project in the United States. After the project site work was transferred to Hunan in 2008, the project leader did not apply for an ethical review again as required. Based on materials provided by YI Shi-an, Wang Yin personally stamped the official seal on the name of Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences and issued proof of the English version of “The results of the ethics review in 2003 is still valid†to Tang Guangwen.
Mitsukoshi "Red Line":
On May 29th, 2008, Tang Guangwen imported and cooked “golden rice†cooked in the United States. He did not report to the relevant domestic institutions in accordance with the regulations. It violated the “Regulations on the Administration of Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms (2001)†and related issues of the State Council. Provisions.
Si Yue "red line":
The person in charge of the project deliberately concealed the use of genetically modified rice in the trial, and only issued the last page of the informed consent, which violated the international medical ethics guidelines and the regulations of the Ministry of Health's “Management of Ethical Review of Biomedical Research (Trial)â€.
Wuyue "red line":
In August 2012, Tang Guangwen and others published relevant papers in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Prior to the publication of the paper, Tang Guangwen sent the paper to Yin Shi'an, and Yin Shi'an replaced Wang Yin and Hu Yuming of Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. In addition, when the authorities concerned conducted multiple investigations of "golden rice", the parties concealed the main facts and provided false information. These behaviors violate the integrity of scientific research and have academic misconduct.
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