Spinach is a common vegetable in life and can supplement trace elements missing in human body. In the process of spinach growth, the occurrence of gray mold causes a large reduction in spinach production. This article will explain the symptoms of spinach gray mold and the control methods of spinach gray mold.
symptom
The plastic greenhouse and the small arch shed spinach gray mold mainly damage the lower leaves of the plant, initially producing light brown irregular spots on the leaves, then expanding into light brown moist large spots, and producing gray mold layer on the leaf back lesions, ie germs Conidiophores and conidia. When the humidity is small, the surface of the diseased leaf has yellow-brown irregular spots on the front side, and there is no obvious halo on the edge. The gray mold layer on the back side is not obvious; when the humidity is large, the diseased leaves become dark brown and rot, and many gray mold layers are formed on the front side of the diseased leaves. In the later stage, the leaf lesions are in a "V" shape with a deep and shallow pattern. The growth potential of the diseased plants is weakened, and the commerciality is deteriorated.
pathogen
The pathogen is Botrytiscinorca Pers., which belongs to the subfamily Fungus. The conidia are round to elliptical, concentrated, five-color, and single-spore, with large differences at both ends, such as water droplets. There is no separation of hyphae.
Route of transmission and disease conditions
The bacteria overwinter on the sick body and spread by airflow and rain. Most of the plots cultivated in the arch shed occur, and the spinach cultivated in the open field rarely occurs. The pathogen can be infested at 1-30 °C, easy to occur under low temperature and high humidity conditions; temperature 15-20 ° C, humidity above 95%, encounter continuous rainy weather, or planting density is large, ventilation and light transmission conditions are poor, Gray mold is extremely prone to pandemic. The pathogen can infect melons, beans, solanaceous vegetables and a variety of leafy vegetables at the same time, and cross-infection may occur when the field conditions are suitable.
Disease prevention "five-word method"
1 Adjust the protected area to artificially adjust the microclimate, strengthen the field management, adopt ecological control, and avoid the occurrence of low temperature and high humidity conditions. In the rainy days, it is necessary to ventilate and dehumidify in a short time. Under the conditions of low temperature and sunny weather in the winter season, close the tuyere around the greenhouse and raise the temperature of the shed. To fertilize water reasonably, it is necessary to pour water in small water, avoid flooding with large water, and timely drain moisture after watering, reduce air humidity and control the occurrence of disease conditions.
2 In the sunny days before the rainy weather, the protective fungicide should be sprayed in time, and the general product virus nemesis is spray-protected.
3 When smoking and rainy weather is cultivated, the gray mold can be applied in the evening, 250g per 667 square meters, sealed vents after ignition, and ventilated the next morning, 2-3 times in a row.
4 clear and timely remove the diseased leaves and middle and lower old leaves to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. After the spinach is harvested, the sick body is cleaned up in time, the garden is cleaned, and the deep burial treatment is concentrated to reduce the source of re-dip.
5 killing found sporadic disease plants began to spray the virus nemesis even spray 2 times. However, it is not advisable to spray on cloudy days, and spray control should be chosen on a sunny morning. At the same time, because the spinach plants are short, the middle and lower leaves are mostly squatting on the ground, and it is difficult to spray on the back of the leaves. It is better to add a small amount of penetrant during spraying control to improve the control effect.
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