System components (devices) check before installation
First, the inspection of fire water
The water source of the firefighting water supply system shall be free from pollution, corrosion, and suspended solids. The pH of the water shall be 6.0-9.0 . The water quality of the water supply source should not block fire-fighting devices such as fire hydrants, alarm valves, and sprinkler heads, and affect its operation. Generally, the water quality of a fire-fighting water supply system basically meets the requirements for living water quality. The quantity of fire-fighting water source should be sufficient and reliable. The duration of the system is determined by the duration of the fire.
Specifically used as fire water sources are: municipal water supply, fire water tanks, natural water sources, fire water tanks and other types of water sources. The selection of fire water sources should be based on local conditions, and check the water source conditions that the system is installed and suitable for.
Other water sources as conditions for fire water
Other sources of water may be rainwater clear water tanks, clear water tanks, water features, swimming pools, etc. Generally, they should only be used as a backup fire water source. However, when the water sources listed above must be used as fire-fighting water sources, there should be technical measures to ensure that the quantity and quality of water required by the fire-fighting water supply system can be met under any circumstances.
Second, the fire water supply facilities (equipment) inspection
(a) fire pump
1. Appearance quality requirements of fire pump
2. Material requirements for fire pump
1 ) The pump housing should be ductile iron; the pump impeller should be bronze or stainless steel;
2 ) Check the quality certificate of the pump body, pump shaft, impeller, etc. should meet the requirements.
3 fire pump structure requirements
1 ) The structure of the pump should ensure easy on-site maintenance and replacement of parts. Fasteners and self-locking devices should not be loosened due to vibration or other reasons;
2 ) An arrow indicating the direction of rotation should be cast on the fire pump body;
3 ) The pump should be equipped with a drain cock. The drain cock should be at the lowest position of the pump in order to drain the remaining water in the pump.
4. The mechanical performance requirements of fire pump
1 ) The model of the fire pump is the same as the design model. The flow, head, and power of the pump meet the design requirements and the current national standards;
2 ) The shaft seal is well sealed and leaks wirelessly.
5. Fire pump control cabinet requirements
1 ) The control function of the fire pump control cabinet meets the design requirements;
3 ) The control cabinet body is straight, the surface should be flat, the coating color is uniform, no glare, and comply with the relevant provisions of the current national standards, and there is no obvious bump scratches and deformation paint on the outer surface of the control cabinet;
3 ) The display panel of the control cabinet is provided with display of power supply voltage, current, starting and stopping status of the water pump, and sound and light alarm of the fault;
System installation, debugging and inspection
First, fire water
(1) Construction and installation of fire water tanks and fire water tanks
1. During the construction and installation, the clear distance between the outer wall of the fire water tank and the fire water tank and the wall surface of the building body structure or other walls must meet the requirements for construction, assembly and maintenance. No side of the pipeline, the net distance should not be less than 0.7m ; the side of the pipeline, the net distance should not be less than 1.0m , and the width of the channel between the outer wall of the pipeline and the wall surface of the building body should not be less than 0.6m ; the top of the pool with manholes, the top plate The clearance between the surface and the floor of the building body above shall not be less than 0.8m .
2. When fire-fighting water tanks are made of reinforced concrete, white ceramic tiles or enamel paint should be applied inside the fire-fighting water tanks. When using other materials, the fire water tank should be provided with support piers. The height of the support piers should not be less than 600mm in order to facilitate the installation and overhaul of pipelines and accessories. When selecting materials, besides considering the strength, cost, the material's own weight, and the difficulty of producing algae, the corrosion resistance (durability) of fire fighting tanks should also be considered.
3. Waterproof pipes should be added to the inlet pipes and outlet pipes of fire-fighting concrete tanks or fire-fighting water tanks. Pipes used to make fire-fighting water tanks and fire-fighting water tanks made of steel plates, etc. should be flanged, and pipes with vibrations should be added. Flexible connector. The inlet pipes and outlet pipe joints of the combined fire-fighting tank or fire water tank should be flanged, and the other joints should be treated with anti-rust treatment.
4. The overflow pipes and drain pipes of fire water tanks and fire water tanks shall not be directly connected to the drainage system of production or domestic water, and indirect drainage shall be adopted.
5. Fire-fighting water tanks and fire-fighting water tank outlet pipes or water-pump suction pipes shall meet the technical requirements for the lowest effective water level of the water outlet without being aerated.
(II) Inspection and acceptance of fire water tanks and fire water tanks
1. Compare the drawings with a measuring tool to check whether the capacity of the pool meets the requirements. Observe the measures for water refilling, anti-freezing measures and guarantees for fire water use. Measure whether the height and position of the water intake meet the technical requirements, and check the overflow pipe and drain pipe. The installation location is correct. The water tank needs to measure whether the volume, installation elevation and position of the tank meet the technical requirements; check whether the water inlet and outlet pipes, overflow pipe, drain pipe, water level indicator, one-way valve, water tank fill water and pressurization measures of the water tank meet the technical requirements; The connection between the pipeline and the tank and the protective measures when the pipeline penetrates the floor or wall.
2. Observe that the open water tank is full of water and stand for 24 hours . If it does not leak, the full water test of the open water tank shall pass the test; and the closed water tank shall be kept for 10 minutes under the test pressure, and the pressure shall not be lowered, and no leakage or leakage shall occur. Water tank pressure test qualified.
3. Check the drawings and check the installation position of the tank and the installation of the bracket or base with a measuring tool. The dimensions and position of the tank should be in accordance with the design requirements and be laid flat and firm.
4. Observe that the tank overflow and drain pipes should be located near the drain site but not directly connected to the drain pipe.
Second, fire water supply facilities, equipment
(a) fire pump
1. Fire pump installation and commissioning
1 ) Prior to installation, the pump should be manually turned to check its flexibility. Except for small-sized pipeline pumps, which can be installed directly on the pipeline without the foundation, most pump installations require concrete foundations. Before the installation of the pump, the foundation for the civil construction shall be reviewed and accepted. The pump foundation shall meet the requirements of the pump installation foundation diagram in the corresponding pump product sample. The foundation needs to check the position, size, height of the foundation of the equipment and the position and size of the screw holes of the foot, and it should meet the design requirements. The basic surface of the equipment shall be smooth and smooth, and the debris in the reserved holes in the anchor bolt shall be removed.
2 ) Pump vibration reduction measures. When there is a vibration reduction requirement, the pump should be equipped with a vibration reduction device and the pump should be installed on the vibration reduction pedestal. In the vibration reduction pedestal, a channel steel frame or concrete plate is added under the base of the water pump, and the frame or the concrete plate is fastened by the anchor bolt and the foundation, and the vibration damping device is used under the vibration damping table seat.
3 ) Water pump installation operation. The pump is installed in two ways: integral installation and split installation. The installation of a water pump has a major influence on the operation and life of the pump.
( 1 ) Split water pump installation. Before assembling the pump, it is necessary to first check the main assembly dimensions of the parts and the defects that affect the assembly. After cleaning the parts, they can be assembled. When installing a separate water pump , install the pump before installing the motor. The pump can be hoisted with a crane or a tripod and a chain block. The wire rope is attached to the pump body ring. After the water pump is in position, it is leveled so that the height, level, and center position of the water pump meet the design requirements. Alignment of the small pump, generally horizontal measurement foot on the axial horizontal shaft pump, the pump is placed into the (export) measuring radial horizontal plane perpendicular to the flange. Large-scale pumps are calibrated using leveling and hanging wire method, and then the pump body is fixed. Finally, the motor is installed to connect the motor coupling and the water pump coupling so that the centerline of the water pump shaft and the centerline of the motor shaft are on the same horizontal line.
( 2 ) The overall installation of the pump. In the overall installation, first remove greasy dirt and dirt on the bottom of the pump base, place the pump on the foundation of the pump; adjust the thickness of the horn between the base of the pump and the foundation so that the base of the pump can be leveled; then the axis of the pump, Inspect and adjust the center line of the inlet and outlet; Finally, fix the pump body, and then apply the cement mortar to the anchor bolt hole. After the cement mortar is solidified, level the pump base and tighten the anchor bolts and nuts.
Planar size (4) of the pump unit basis, if not explicit information, without isolation should install than a width of each pump unit around the base 100 ~ 150mm; width of each should have a vibration isolation mounting pedestal isolation than four weeks pumps 150mm.
( 5 ) The elevation of the top surface of the foundation of the pump unit shall not be less than 0.10 m above the floor of the pump room when vibration is not installed, and shall not be less than 0.05 m above the floor of the pump room when vibration isolation is installed . The distance from the outer bottom of the pipeline in the pump room to the ground shall not be less than 0.20 m when the pipe diameter DN ≤ 150 mm , and not less than 0.25 m when the pipe diameter DN ≥ 200 mm . Figure 3-2-3 -8 .
( 6 ) The eccentric head of the horizontal section of the suction pipe of the pump should be flush with the top of the pipe to avoid airbags and air leakage.
2. Fire pump control cabinet installation requirements
1 ) The level error of the base of the control cabinet is not more than ± 2mm , and anti-corrosion treatment and waterproof measures shall be taken;
2 ) The control cabinet and base are not less than Ñ„ 12mm Bolt fixing, each cabinet should not be less than 4 bolts;
3 ) When the upper and lower inlets and outlets of the control cabinet are used, the protection level of the control cabinet shall not be damaged.
3. Fire pump inspection and acceptance requirements
1 ) Fire-fighting pumps should operate smoothly and should be free from unpleasant noise;
2 ) Check the size, type and quantity of the working pump, backup pump, suction pipe, water outlet pipe and water outlet pipe on the pressure relief valve, water hammer elimination facility, check valve, signal valve, etc., and meet the design requirements (eg Fig. 3-2-3 -10 ); The control valve on the suction pipe and outlet pipe should be locked in the normally open position and clearly marked.
3 ) Self-contained water diversion or other reliable water diversion should be adopted for fire-fighting pumps. And ensure that all effective water storage is used effectively;
4 ) Open each end of the system to test the water device, test valve and test the fire hydrant, water flow indicator, pressure switch, low pressure switch, high fire water tank flow switch and other signal functions, all meet the design requirements;
5 ) Open the test valve of the fire pump outlet pipe. When using the main power to start the fire pump, the fire pump should start normally; turn off the main power, the main and backup power should be able to switch normally; fire pump local and remote start and stop function Should be normal and return status signals to the fire control room;
6 ) When using the pressure gauge of the valve outlet to check the fire pump stop pump, the pressure after the water hammer elimination facility should not exceed 1.4 times the design pressure of the pump outlet ;
7 ) Use fixed and mobile flow meters and pressure gauges to test the performance of the fire pump. The performance of the pump should meet the design requirements;
8 ) Fire pump start-up control should be placed in automatic start-up gear;
9 ) Acceptance requirements for fire pump control cabinet:
( 1 ) The specification, model and quantity of the control cabinet shall meet the design requirements;
( 2 ) The drawings of the control cabinet are firmly affixed to the inside of the cabinet door after plastic sealing;
( 3 ) The operation of the control cabinet meets the design requirements and relevant regulations;
( 4 ) The quality of the control cabinet meets the product standards;
( 5 ) The setting of automatic switching devices for main and backup power supplies meets the design requirements.
(II) Fire-fighting (steady) pressure facilities
1. Pressure tank installation requirements
1 ) The effective volume, pressure, water level and design pressure of the air pressure tank meet the design requirements;
2 ) The installation position and spacing of the pressure tank, the direction of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe meet the design requirements;
3 ) The pressure water tank should have an effective water volume indicator;
4 ) During the installation of air pressure water tanks, an inspection passage should be set around it, and its width should not be less than 0.7m . The distance from the top of the fire pressure water supply equipment to the floor slab or beam bottom should not be less than 0.6m ; the layout of the fire pressure regulator tank should be reasonable and compact;
5 ) When pressure tanks are installed in non-heating rooms, effective measures should be taken to prevent icing.
(three) pump adapter
1. Installation regulations for pump adapter
1 ) The installation of the assembly type pump adapter shall be performed in the order of interface, body, connection pipe, check valve, safety valve, vent pipe, and control valve. The installation direction of the check valve shall be such that the fire fighting water can be connected from the water pump. Into the system, the installation of the integral pump adapter, according to its installation instructions;
2 ) The position of the water pump adapter interface should be convenient to operate. It should be installed on the sidewalk or non-motorized area where the fire truck is close to, and the distance from the outdoor fire hydrant or fire water tank should be 15 ~ 40m .
3 ) The installation of the wall pump adapter should meet the design requirements. When the design is not required, the installation height should be 0.7m from the ground ; the net distance from the doors, windows, holes and holes on the wall should not be less than 2.0m , and should not be installed under the glass curtain wall;
4 ) The groundwater pump adapter should be installed so that the distance between the inlet and the bottom surface of the well cover is not more than 0.4m , and it should not be less than the radius of the well cover; there should be enough operation space in the well and waterproof and drainage measures should be taken to prevent groundwater seepage. . Cryoprotection should be done in wells in cold regions;
5 ) No valve other than the inspection valve shall be provided between the water pump adapter and the water supply system; the maintenance valve shall be installed near the pump adapter and shall be easy to operate.
2. Testing and acceptance of pump adapter
1 ) There should be no obstacle between the fire hydrant pump adapter and the fire escape that obstructs the pressurized supply of the fire truck (except for the device for protecting the adapter);
2 ) The installation position and direction of the safety valve and check valve of the pump adapter should be correct, and the opening and closing of the valve should be flexible;
3 ) The pump adapter shall be provided with an obvious durability indicator. When the system is partitioned or it is used to supply water to different systems, it must be marked with the permanent symbol of the difference between the water supply area of ​​the pump adapter and the system.
4 ) The underground fire pump adapter shall be cast iron manhole cover with "fire pump adapter" mark, and a permanent fixed mark indicating its position shall be set nearby;
5 ) The number of fire pump adapters and the position of the inlet pipe should meet the design requirements. The fire pump adapter should be filled with fire-fighting water pump for fire trucks. The pressure and flow at the most unfavorable point of the water supply should meet the design requirements; It should be determined that the maximum water supply height of the fire truck and the installation position of the relay pump are reasonable.
Third, the water supply network
(I) Installation of water supply network
1. Pipeline connection
At present, the common connection methods for firefighting pipeline engineering include screw connection, welding connection, flange connection, socket connection, and groove connection.
1 ) Socket connection
The socket connection of cast iron pipe is commonly used in fire fighting (Fig. 3-2-3 -12 ). The socket connection of cast iron pipe is divided into mechanical interface and non-mechanical interface. The mechanical interface is connected with the upper flange of the pipe end with the pressure blue, and the rubber sealing ring is pressed tightly into the gap of the cast iron socket, so that the rubber ring is compressed and tightly formed with the pipe wall to form a seal. The non-mechanical interface is divided into asbestos cement interface, self-stress cement interface, blue lead interface, and rubber ring interface according to the different fillers.
2 ) Groove connection
Grooved-type pipe joints are sleeve-type quick joints that are formed into annular grooves in the pipe joints of pipes, pipes, etc., and are made of clamps, rubber seals, and fasteners. During installation, after the special rubber seals are put on the ends of the adjacent tubes, they are connected with split clamps. The inner edge of the clamping member is located in the groove and fastened with fasteners to ensure the sealing performance of the pipeline. This connection method has the advantages of not destroying the galvanized steel pipe, quick construction, good sealing, and easy disassembly.
( 2 ) When using a grooved connection (clamp), the following requirements are met:
1 The grooved fittings (pipe joints), the depth of the steel pipe groove and the wall thickness of the steel pipe are in compliance with the relevant provisions of the current national standard "Automatic Sprinkler System - Grooved Pipe Fittings" GB5131.11 ;
2 Flexible joints shall be used for places with vibration and buried pipes. Rigid joints shall be used for other places. When rigid joints are used, a flexible joint shall be provided for every 4 to 5 rigid joints, and the bolts and nuts shall be connected when buried. Should use stainless steel parts;
(3) When connecting the grooved pipe fittings, the pipe connection groove and opening shall be applied with special roll groove machine and hole drilling machine processing, and anti-corrosion treatment shall be done; the groove and hole size shall be checked before connection, and the processing quality shall meet the technical requirements; There should be no burrs, cracks and dirt on the grooves and holes;
4 The grooved edge of the grooved pipe should be locked into the groove and then tighten the bolts. The two sides should be tightened at the same time. If the rubber ring is wrinkled, it should be replaced with a new rubber ring.
5 Mechanical three-way connection, to check the mechanical three-way and hole clearance, all parts should be uniform, and then tightened in place; mechanical three-way opening spacing should not be less than 1m , mechanical four-way opening spacing should not be less than 2m ; When the mechanical three-way and mechanical four-way connection, the diameter of the branch pipe shall meet the requirements of Table 3-2-3 -2 . When the connection between the main pipe and the branch pipe does not conform to Table 3-1-1-2 , the three-way and four-way groove shall be used. Pipe connection;
6 The connection between the water main pipe ( standpipe ) and the water distribution pipe ( horizontal pipe ) should adopt grooved pipe fittings, and the mechanical tee should not be used; Figure 3-2-3 -20 is typically installed incorrectly.
7 The bolts and nuts of buried trench pipe fittings shall be treated with anti-corrosion treatment. Buried pipe connections in the pump room should use flexible joints.
8 When using grooved connecting pieces to connect pipes to reduce the diameter and turn, it is better to use grooved different-diameter pipe fittings and elbows; when it is necessary to use cores, one can be used on the three links, and no more than two on the four-passes; nominal diameter Pipes larger than 50mm should not use live joints;
⑨ trench EPDM connecting member to be used (the EDPM) C-seal ring, the elastic should be good, no deformation and damage, the intermediate C-compression after installation gasket have voids.
2. Installation of overhead pipelines
The installation position of the overhead pipeline meets the design requirements and should comply with the following requirements:
1 ) The installation of overhead pipelines should not affect the normal use of building functions and should not affect or hinder the opening of traffic and doors and windows;
2) When the design is not required, and the minimum distance from the centerline of pipe beams, columns, slabs and the like shall be as specified in Table 3-2-3-3;
3 ) When the fire-fighting water supply pipe passes through the underground outdoor wall, the structure wall, and the roof, etc. where there is a waterproof requirement, a waterproof casing shall be provided;
4 ) When the fire-fighting water supply pipe passes through the building's load-bearing wall or foundation, a hole shall be reserved. The height of the hole shall ensure that the headroom at the top of the pipe is not less than the settlement of the building , and shall not be less than 0.1m , and shall be filled with impervious elastic material.
5 ) When the fire-fighting water supply pipe passes through the wall or floor, additional casing shall be provided. The length of the casing shall not be less than the thickness of the wall, or 50mm above the floor or the ground ; the gap between the casing and the pipeline shall be filled with non-combustible materials, and the pipeline The interface should not be located in the bushing; Figure 3-2-3 -22 is a typical installation error.
6 ) When fire-fighting water supply pipes must pass through expansion joints and settlement joints, technical measures such as bellows and compensators should be used.
7 ) When the fire-fighting water supply pipe may be frozen, anti-freezing measures should be taken;
8 ) When passing through and laying in a room with corrosive gas, the outer wall of the pipe shall be painted with anti-corrosion paint or wrapped with anti-corrosion material.
9 ) Brush red paint or red circle around the overhead pipeline, and indicate the name of the pipeline and the direction of the water flow (Figure 3-2-3 -24 ). The red circle symbol shall not be less than 20mm in width and not more than 4m in interval , and not less than 2 in a separate unit .
3. Installation of pipe network hanger
1 ) The installation of overhead pipeline supports, hangers, and anti-sway (fixed) brackets should be fixed, and their type, material and construction meet the design requirements;
2 ) The designed hangers shall be able to withstand 5 times the water-filled pipe weight at each supporting point of the pipeline, and the piping system support point shall support the entire fire-fighting water supply system;
3 ) The supporting point of the pipe support should be set on the structure of the building. The structure should be able to withstand the weight of the water-filled pipe at the pipe suspension point plus at least 114 kg. Additional load valves, flanges and fittings and the like, with reference to the weight of the water-filled pipes can select table 3-2-3-4; 5) when the pipe is mounted through the beam, the beam should be wearing a hanger (Figure 3-2 -3-26 );
6 ) Mounting brackets or sway braces should be installed in the following areas:
( 1 ) The distribution pipe should be equipped with a sway bracing at the midpoint. When the pipe diameter is less than DN50 , it may not be set;
(2) water distribution mains and distrib
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